Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology Test 3 > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the site of spermatogenesis?

A

testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What hormone is produced within the testes?

A

testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the blood supply to the testes?

A

testicular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which layer of the testicular tunic is a serous sac derived from peritoneum that partially covers the anterior and lateral surfaces?

A

Tunica Vaginalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the thickest testicular tunic layer?

A

tunica albuginea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the tunica albuginea made of?

A

thick, fibrous connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which layer of the testicular tunic lies deep to the TA and is a highly vascular layer of loose CT?

A

Tunica Vasculosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the mediastinum testis?

A

A posterior thickening of the TA that forms incomplete connective tissue septa that divide the organ into about 250 compartments called testicular lobules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the major function of Leydig cells? and where are they found?

A

Testosterone synthesis

Interstitial areas between seminiferous tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

seminiferous tubules eventually narrow into short, straight segments, called ________ that connect them to the rete testis

A

tubuli recti

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the name of the layer that forms the wall of a seminiferous tubule?

A

Tunica propria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the seminiferous tubules lined by? ie what type of epithelium?

A

seminiferous/germinal epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Other than epithelial cells, what two types of cells can be found within the epithelium of a seminiferous tubule?

A

spermatogenic cells (germ cells) and Sertoli cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sertoli cells develop from __________ cells

A

spermatogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type classification of hormones do leydig cells make?

A

steroid hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Leydig cells have abundant _______ due to their function of producing steroid hormones

A

smooth ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do leydig cells stain?

A

acidophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the precursor to testosterone that is found in abundance inside leydig cells?

A

cholesterol esters contained in lipid droplets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The cytoplasm of Leydig cells may contain rod-shaped crystals called _______ crystals. These crystals are found in higher numbers in leydig cell tumors

A

Reinke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What stimulates leydig cells to secrete testosterone?

A

luteinizing hormone

21
Q

Where is luteinizing hormone produced?

A

pituitary gland

22
Q

What is the overall general shape of a sertoli cell?

A

Tall Columnar shaped cell

23
Q

What are some traits to look for when identifying a sertoli cell?

A 
Pale, oval, indented nucleus
Large nucleolus
Many mitochondria
Extensive Golgi
Well developed ERs
24
Q

Do sertoli cells replicate?

A

NO

25
Q

Sertoli cells have receptors for ____________ hormone on their plasma membrane

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

26
Q

Sertoli cells form ____________ with adjacent sertoli cells near their base.

A

zonulae occludens (tight junctions)

27
Q

The tightly joined sertoli cells divide the seminiferous tubule lumen into a _______ and an ____________ compartment

A

basal

adluminal

28
Q

The tight junctions of the sertoli cells are responsible for the _________ barrier

A

blood - testis

29
Q

What does the blood - testis barrier do?

A

protects developing sperm cells from autoimmune reactions

30
Q

What are the 7 main functions of Sertoli cells?

A

Blood-testis barrier
Support, protect, nourish spermatogenic cells
Phagocytose excess cytoplasm discarded by maturing spermatids
Secrete fructose-rich fluid
Secrete Androgen-binding protein (ABP)
Secrete inhibin
Secrete testicular transferrin

31
Q

What is the function of the fructose-rich fluid sercreted by sertoli cells?

A

transports spermatozoa through the seminiferous tubules to the genital ducts and provides them with nutrition.

32
Q

What is the function of androgen-binding protein (ABP) secreted by sertoli cells?

A

Concentrates testosterone in seminiferous tubule lumen

33
Q

Androgen-binding protein (ABP) is under the influence of ______

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

** which sertoli cells have receptors for on their plasma membrane **

34
Q

What is the major function of inhibin, secreted by sertoli cells?

A

hormone that inhibits synthesis and release of FSH by the anterior pituitary.

35
Q

What is the major function of testicular transferrin?

A

Accepts Fe from serum transferrin and then transfers the Fe to maturing gametes

36
Q

Before puberty there are only __________ no sperm.

A

spermatogonia

37
Q

What are the three phases of spermatogenesis?

A

Spermatogonial (Spermatogenesis)
Spermatocyte (meiosis)
Spermatid (spermiogenesis)

38
Q

Where are spermatogonia found?

A

Next to seminiferous epithelium basal lamina

39
Q

What are the three types of spermatogonia?

A

Pale type A (Ap) Pale staining nucleus
Dark type A (Ad) Dark staining nucleus
Type B

40
Q

Which is mitotically active Ap or Ad spermatogonia?

A

Ap

41
Q

When Ap cells divide via mitosis what types of cells can they give rise to?

A

Ap or B spermatogonia

42
Q

What phase of the cell cycle are Ad spermatogonia stuck in?

A

G0

43
Q

What type of spermatogonia is radiation/chemo resistant?

A

Ad

44
Q

Type B spermatogonia undergo mitosis and give rise to _________

A

primary spermatocytes

45
Q

What are some identifiers of a type B spermatogonia?

A

large clumps of chromatin along the nuclear envelope

central nucleolus

46
Q

As soon as primary spermatocytes are formed they have duplicate chromosomes (2x 2n DNA) and migrate to the _________ compartment.

A

adluminal compartment

47
Q

To maintain the blood-testis barrier, primary spermatocytes form __________ with sertoli cells while migrating.

A

zonula occludens

48
Q

** Look over and be able to draw the division of spermatocytes to spermatids **

A

You can do it!!

Histology Test 3 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions