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Histology Test 3 > Lymphoid System #2 > Flashcards

Lymphoid System #2 Flashcards

1
Q

Who is the largest lymph organ of all?

A

Spleen

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2
Q

What does a spleen do anyway?

A

Filters the blood

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3
Q

What kinds of splenic pulp are there?

A

White and Red

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4
Q

Where is white pulp?

A

Surrounding arteries thickening into splenic nodules.

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5
Q

Where is the red pulp?

A

It occurs in irregular masses (splenic cord)

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6
Q

The spleen capsule is made of….

A

connective tissue

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7
Q

Where is the tissue capsule the heaviest?

A

The hilum.

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8
Q

Name the structures that come from the capsule branch and anastamose

A

Trabeculae

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9
Q

What supports splenic pulp?

A

Reticular Fibers

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10
Q

As blood vessels leave trabeculae, they are ensheathed in ____. What cells are dense here?

A

PALS. T cells.

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11
Q

Where are splenic nodules found?

A

Around the central artery.

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12
Q

White pulp transitions to red pulp at the ________, which contains the ________.

A

Marginal Zone. Marginal Sinuses

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13
Q

What infiltrated the red pulp

A

All elements of circulating blood

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14
Q

What structures support the red pulp?

A

reticular fibers and cells

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15
Q

Spleens are really good at producing a certain kind of cell. NAME IT

A

Macrophages

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16
Q

Spleen is known for removal of…

A

senescent RBCs

17
Q

What happens when antigens enter the spleen via the blood?

A

Detected by antigen presenting cells in splenic nodules

18
Q

What structures support the arteries and veins of the spleen?

A

Trabeculae

19
Q

When an artery leaves the trabeculae, it becomes known as ________. It will soon be surrounded by ______.

A

a central artery. Splenic nodules.

20
Q

Central artery –>

A

Follicular radial arteries –> marginal sinuses –> Pencillar arterioles –> Terminal capillary

21
Q

Describe the cells surrounding the nd part of pencilar arteries

A

Macrophages, reticular cells and fibers

22
Q

What do terminal capillaries do?

A

They empty into sinuses (closed circulation) or empty into red pulp (open circulation)

23
Q

The red pulp contains…

A

venous/splenic sinuses, and splenic cords (cords of Billroth)

24
Q

What divides the thymus into lobules?

A

Trabeculae

25
Q

What are the two parts of each lobule?

A

Cortex and medulla

26
Q

The ________ is continuous from lobule to lobule.

A

Medulla

27
Q

The cortex is mostly made of what two cell types?

A

T cells and Epithelial Reticular Cells

28
Q

The function of cortical epithelial reticular cells?

A

T cell selection and Blood-Thymus Barrier

29
Q

The function of medullary epithelial reticular cells?

A

Governing the differentiation of CD4 and CD8 T cells

30
Q

What cells separate the thymus cortex from its capsule and surround blood vessels?

A

Cortical ERCs

31
Q

What cell type presents MHC I and II to developing T cells?

A

Cortical ERCs

32
Q

Describe positive and negative selection of T cells.

A 
\+ = Kill the ones that can't recognize MHC
- = Kill the ones that recognize self antigen
33
Q

Who gets rid of cells that don’t make it through selection?

A

Macrophages and Dendritic cells in the corticomedullary junction

34
Q

Medullary ERCs produce….

A

thymic hormones (thymosin, thymopoietin)

35
Q

Blood thymus barrier is made of…

A

Nonfenestrated capillaries, a thick basement membrane, and a sheath of ERCs. This forms an immunologically sequestered site.

36
Q

The thymus will ______ over time.

A

Involute

37
Q

What does the spleen do to misshapen cells. Give two examples.

A

They get trapped in the splenic sinuses and are destroyed by macrophages. Leads to anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and splenomegaly. Ex. – Sickle cell, spherocytosis

38
Q

Causes of splenomegaly?

A

Lots of blood cell breakdown in the spleen, portal hypertension (sometimes from cirrhosis of the liver)

39
Q

What is DiGeorge syndrome?

A

Inherited immunodeficiency caused by lack of developed cortical cells. This causes no T cell development to occur.

Histology Test 3 (9 decks)

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