Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy And Physiology > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary sex glands of the male and female reproductive system called?

A

Gonads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the primary sex gland of the male reproductive system?

A

Testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the main reproductive sex gland of the female reproductive system?

A

Ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the sex cells referred to?

A

Gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the male sex cells?

A

Sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the female sex cells?

A

Oocytes/eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens when the sperm and ova meet?

A

Develop zygote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How many pairs of chromosomes are in each cell?

A

23 pairs, for a total of 46

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are autosomes?

A

The 22 matching chromosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does the 23rd pair of chromosomes differ?

A

Females have two X chromosomes whist males have one X and one Y chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the the male sex hormone?

A

Androgens, which are the most active testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the female sex hormones?

A

Oestrogen and progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why are steroid hormones necessary?

A

For secondary sex characteristics and reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When does male puberty tend to begin?

A

Around 10-14 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the epididymis?

A

To store sperm until ejaculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Is sperm acidic or alkaline?

A

Alkaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Is the vagina acidic or alkaline?

A

Acidic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the scrotum?

A

Fleshy pouch of skin to enclose the testes and maintain lower than normal body temperature for sperm production.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the role of the seminiferous tubules?

A

To produce spermatozoa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What surrounds the testes?

A

2 layers named the tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea, which divides the testis into lobules or septa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What hormone secretes testosterone?

A

Interstitial or Leydig cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the role of testosterone?

A

Increasing muscle mass, secondary sex characteristics, maturation of sperm and metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How long will sperm last in the ducts of the epididymis before it is phagocytosed?

A

Approx. 42 days before it is destroyed

24
Q

What is the role of the ductus (vas) deferens?

A

Contains muscle to allow for ejaculation

25
What is the seminal vesicle?
Tubular glands with muscular walls which provides fluids and acts as a transport medium for sperm with substances that provide protection for the sperm
26
What is the ejaculatory duct?
Merges with urethra as it passes through prostate gland
27
What is the prostate gland?
Forms first part of urethra and is under testicular hormone control. Adds 30% of fluids to semen and assists sperm motility and modifies vaginal acidity
28
What are the 3 sections of the male urethra?
Prostatic, membranous and penile
29
What is the function of the bulbo-urethral gland?
Secrete a mucus to lubricate urethra before ejaculation
30
What is the scientific name for foreskin?
Prepuce
31
What are the 3 columns of erectile tissue?
2 corpus cavernosum and 1 corpus spongiosum which become engorged with blood during sexual arousal
32
What areas of the endocrine system are involved in function of the testes?
Involves hypothalamus and anterior pituitary
33
What 2 hormones are involved in the endocrine function of the testes?
Follicle Stimulating Hormone Luteinizing Hormone
34
What is the function of Follicle Stimulating Hormone?
Target sertoli cells in seminiferous tubules to influence spermatogenesis
35
What is the function of the Luteinizing Hormone?
Target Leydig cells to stimulate testosterone which acts on sertoli cells. Spermatogenesis begins at puberty and continues throughout man's life
36
What are the external reproductive organs of the female genitalia?
Collective terminology is the vulva, consisting of: - mons pubis - labia majora - labia minora - vestibule - perineum
37
What are the main structures of the internal reproductive organs of the female?
- ovary - uterus - fallopian tubes - vagina - cervix
38
Where are the eggs (ova) produced?
In the ovary through cell division (meiosis)
39
What do the ovaries secrete?
Oestrogen and progesterone
40
What is the role of the uterus?
Consists of body, fundus and cervix and maintains a suitable environment for a fertilised egg. If an egg is not fertilised, the uterus sheds the endometrium lining
41
What is the cervix?
Fibrous tissue and mucosa
42
What are the fimbriae of the fallopian tube?
Help waft egg from ovary into fallopian tube
43
How many ova are present at birth in the ovarian follicles?
Around 60,000
44
Approx. how many ova ripen during a lifetime?
400-500
45
What is released by the anterior pituitary gland during ovulation
Follicle stimulating hormone which stimulates a number of primary follicles to grow. This accumulates fluid and primary oocyte matures into the secondary oocyte
46
What happens if the secondary oocyte is not fertilised?
It deteriorates and dies
47
What happens during ovulation after 14 days?
Anterior pituitary gland releases luteinizing hormone and the mature follicle ruptures and oocyte is released to the peritoneal cavity. LH then develops ruptured follicle into corpus luteum which produces progesterone for 10-14 days unless pregnancy occurs
48
What are the 3 phases of the menstrual cycle?
Menstrual phase, proliferative phase and secretory phase
49
How long is the menstrual phase and what occurs?
1-5 Thick lining of uterus shed and passes through vagina as menstrual flow. By day 5, ovarian follicle is beginning to produce more oestrogen in response to FSH
50
What is the proliferative phase?
Between 8 and 10 days long (days 6-14) FSH and LH increase, egg matures and follicles secrete oestrogen to prepare uterus. Basal layer of endometrium regenerates and becomes thick and vascularised
51
What is the secretory phase?
Days 15-28 Progesterone levels rise (produced by corpus luteum) under influence of LH. If unfertilised, corpus luteum degenerates and LH levels drop. Vessels of endometrium kink and die, resulting in menstrual flow
52
What happens during fertilisation?
Embryo produces hormone similar to LH called human chorionic gonadotrophin and corpus luteum is encouraged to continue hormone production. Placenta helps with this role
53
How long is the oocyte viable for fertilisation?
12-24 hours following ovulation
54
How long can sperm retain fertilising power?
24-48 hours after release
55
What is lactation?
Mammary glands adapt to release milk
56
What are montgomery's tubules?
Sebaceous glands to keep skin supple and lubricate
57
Where is milk stored?
In lactiferous sinus

Anatomy And Physiology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions