Male Repro Tract Anatomy

Question 1

list the 6 main components of the male repro tract

Answer 1

1. spermatic cord 2. scrotum 3. testis 4. excurrent duct system 5. accessory sex glands 6. penis

Question 2

list the 6 main components of the male repro tract

Answer 2

1. spermatic cord 2. scrotum 3. testis 4. excurrent duct system 5. accessory sex glands 6. penis

Question 3

why does the testis need to be kept cool?

Answer 3

because warm sperm are more mobile, consume more energy, and produce more waste

Question 4

define an erection

Answer 4

penis becomes firmer, features engorgement in some species, accomplished by the parasympathetic nervous system

Question 5

define protrusion

Answer 5

penis protrudes out of protective sheath

Question 6

emission

Answer 6

discharge of accessory sex gland secretions into pelvic urethra; movement of sperm from tail of epididymis to urethra

Question 7

define ejaculation

Answer 7

expulsion of sperm from urethra

Question 8

list and give the amount of each structure in the pathway of sperm

Answer 8

1. testis: 2 2. epididymis: 2, head, body, tail 3. ductus deferens: 2 (vas deferens) 4. urethra: features 5. accessory sex glands: vesicular glands (2), prostate gland (1), and bulbourethral glands (2) and 6. Penis (1)

Question 9

what are vesicular glands also called?

Answer 9

seminal vesicles

Question 10

what are bulbourethral glands also called?

Answer 10

Cowper’s glands

Question 11

do all male species have all 3 kinds of accessory sex glands?

Answer 11

no

Question 12

what accessory sex gland do all male species have?

Answer 12

prostate gland

Question 13

what organ is responsible for testicular descent/preventing testis from twisting inside scrotum?

Answer 13

the gubernaculum

Question 14

how many degrees cooler do the testes need to be than body temperature for spermatogenesis to occur?

Answer 14

4-6 degrees cooler than body temp

Question 15

describe the sparmatic chord (structure, function, and what it contains)

Answer 15

vascular, lymphatic and nerves heat exchanger houses cremaster muscle

Question 16

what structural component of the spermatic chord enables counter current exchange in the panpiniform plexus?

Answer 16

intertwining of testicular arteries and veins

Question 17

describe counter current exchange in the panpiniform plexus in terms of heat

Answer 17

heat flows between 39-34 degrees celcius between the body and the testes by way of intertwining testicular arteries and veins

Question 18

describe counter current exhange in the panpiniform plexus in terms of testosterone

Answer 18

testosterone levels flow between 70ng/mL to 4.8ng/mL between the body and the testis

Question 19

where does counter current exchange of heat and testosterone take place?

Answer 19

in the panpiniform plexus

Question 20

why can testosterone diffuse freely across membranes and in what direction does it do this?

Answer 20

it is lipid soluble, follows concentration gradient

Question 21

list the 3 functions of the scrotal skin

Answer 21

1. thermosensor 2. sweat glands 3. protection

Question 22

what type of muscle lines the scrotal skin?

Answer 22

smooth muscle

Question 23

what kind of muscle makes up the cremaster?

Answer 23

striated

Question 24

describe the location of the cremaster

Answer 24

partially surrounds the spermatic chord, attaches to parietal tunica vaginalis

Question 25

describe the function of the cremaster

Answer 25

fight or flight; contracts to PULL testis up from the TOP

Question 26

is the cremaster used for short term or long term functions?

Answer 26

short term; can't maintain sustained contraction, for immediate situations

Question 27

why is the cremaster only used for short term situations?

Answer 27

it is a striated muscle

Question 28

what is the main function of the cremaster?

Answer 28

regulate blood flow through panpiniform plexus

Question 29

what muscle makes up the tunica dartos?

Answer 29

smooth

Question 30

what is the tunica dartos dependent upon?

Answer 30

androgen hormones

Question 31

describe how the tunica dartos works

Answer 31

contracts from the BOTTOM to PUSH testis up from the bottom

Question 32

can the tunica dartos have sustained contraction?

Answer 32

yes

Question 33

list the 2 major functions of the testis

Answer 33

1. produce the gamete: sperm 2. produce androgens

Question 34

list 2 androgens produced by the testis

Answer 34

1. testosterone 2. dihydrotestosterone

Question 35

what stimulates inhibin production?

Answer 35

androgens

Question 36

list the testis tissue layers from the outside in

Answer 36

1. parietal tunica vaginalis 2. visceral tunica vaginalis 3. tunica albuginea

Question 37

describe the parietal tunica vaginalis (tissue type and location)

Answer 37

connective tissue sac that surrounds testis; attaches to cremaster muscle

Question 38

describe the visceral tunica vaginalis (what it contains and covers)

Answer 38

contains vasculature; covers both testis and epididymis

Question 39

describe the tunica albuginea

Answer 39

white, connective tissue that projects into testis

Question 40

what is the testicular parenchyma?

Answer 40

the functional part of the testis, responsiblle for producing sperm and testosterone

Question 41

what is the mediastinum of the testis?

Answer 41

the pink middle contains the rete tubules

Question 42

what are the rete tubules? (location and function)

Answer 42

in medisatinum, connected to seminiferous tubules and transport sperm to caput epididymis

Question 43

what is the main function of the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 43

sperm production

Question 44

list the 4 main components of a seminiferous tubule

Answer 44

1. basal lamina/basement membrane 2. sertoli cells 3. sperm cells 4. interstitial space

Question 45

describe the basement membrane/basal lamina of a seminiferous tubule

Answer 45

encases tubule

Question 46

describe the function of sertoli cells

Answer 46

nurse cells; regulate blood testis barrier

Question 47

list the 6 different types of sperm cells from baby to mature

Answer 47

1. spermatogonium 2. primary spermatocytes 3. secondary spermatocyte 4. spermatids: round first, then elongated 5. differentiating spermatids 6. spermatozoa

Question 48

picture or spermatic chord

Answer 48

Which is internal and which is external?

Question 49

where is the pampiniform plexus?

Answer 49

in between cremaster muscle

Question 50

label the pampiniform plexus and the testicular artery

Answer 50

PP on top; TA long red vessel

Question 51

what is this picture illustrating?

Answer 51

counter current exchange of heat and testosterone in the pampiniform plexus

Question 52

label the rectum, prostate, seminal vesicles, cowpers gland, ampulla, bladder, retractor penis muscle, inguinal ring, vas deferens, sigmoid flexure, caput epididymis, corpus epididymis, scrotum, spermatic cord, cauda epididymis, testis, and glans penis

Answer 52

view notes to confirm