malaria Flashcards
species
p. falciparum
p. vivax
p. malaria
p. ovale
which phases occur in humans and mosquito
humans - asexual (but still have the gametocytes for the mosquito to become infected)
mosquito- sexual
quartan malaria caused by
p.malaria
benign tertian malaria caused by
vivax
tropical malaria caused by
falciparum
which ones have hypnozoites
vivax and ovale
which is the most common form
vivax
time courses for fever
1,3 days vivax every 48 hours
1, 4- quartan/malaria. every 72
crescent shaped gametocytes are found in
falciparum
which species is associated with kidney issues mainly
p. malaria
which type is related to the duffy antigen
vivax
thick and thin smear
thick = + or -
thin- the strain
treatments
chloroquine works on all but falciparum so you would use ACT (artemisinin based combination therapy)
treatment for hypnozoites
primaquine
prophylazis for travellers
lariam + doxyclycline
IF
sporozoites
where is ovale found
tropical africa
hosts
def: mosquito
intermediate : human
how long is treatment in malaria
3 days
main risk groups
children under 5
pregnant women
immunocompromised
people who are travellers
sporogony
means sexual reproduction occurs in mosquito
falciparum essay bits
cause higher parasitemia >20% in comparison to the others which can be <5%
rbc are mote sticky and can occlude and can be fatal in the brain ‘cerebral malaria’
IP falciparum
7-14 days (shortest)
IP ovale
10-18 days
cerebral malaria
abnormal posturing - arching of the back
seizure
decrease level of consciousness
deviation of eyes
an upper motor exam can show signs of upper motor neuron pattern with increased tone
diagnosis
thick and thin smears
check urine - in p.malaria and faciparum
LP- if suspect cerebral malaria
check blood sugar levels
