fasciala hepatica

Question 1

hosts

Answer 1

def: man and sheep

Question 2

what category of parasite is it

Answer 2

trematode (hemaphordte)

Question 3

moa

Answer 3

eating metacercaria encysted on aquatic plants in both humans and sheep

or drinking water if the infective form has fell of the plants possible

humans can also ingest the adult worms in sheep halzoun attach to phatgeal mucosa - edema

Question 4

a.k.a

Answer 4

ship liver fluke

Question 5

adult worm lives

Answer 5

biliary tract of sheep/man

Question 6

IF

Answer 6

metacercariae

Question 7

clinical features

Answer 7

acute phase: due to migration of larvae - fever, right upper quadrant pain , hepatomegaly , esoinphila, urticaria

chronic: due to adults! may be asymptomatic or lead to intermittent abdominal pain, biliary cirrhosis, obstructive jaundice , cholelithiasis , anemia

SAME ACUTE/CHRONICE category as opisthrochosi and clonrochis

Question 8

halzoun

Answer 8

this is where humans eat the sheep which is definitive host and contains the adult worms , they attach to the pharyngeal mucosa and cause oedema , dyspnea, dysphasia and rarely ashyphyxiation

Question 9

diagnosis

Answer 9

eggs in feces
aspirated bile
eosinophilia

Question 10

treatment and unique

Answer 10

triclabendazole and alternative is bithionol or lecture says dehydroementine

its the only remade so far where we don’t use praziquantel as it is refractory to f. hepatica and gigantica

Question 11

causes of the disease

Answer 11

f. hepatic or gigantica

Question 12

what parasite is f. hepatic similar too

Answer 12

he trematode’s life cycle is similar to the Clonorchis sinensis and Opistorchis felineus, using a snail intermediate . Cercariae excyst in the gut and migrate to the bile ducts and liver, where they can live for many years.

Question 13

prophylaxis

Answer 13

improve dhygeine

treat livestock that are infected

Question 14

importnat note about finding eggs in stool

Answer 14

The presence of eggs in the stool may simply indicate that the patient has eaten liver of an infected animal (”transitory eggs” – Dicrocoelium lanceatum).

Question 15

causative agent of dicroceliasis

Answer 15

dicrocelium dendritcum (the lancet fluke)

Question 16

def host of the lance fluke

Answer 16

sheep and herbivores

Question 17

intermediate host of dicroceliasis

Answer 17

snails

2, formica ants

Question 18

describe the eggs of hepatica

Answer 18

large and percolated

Question 19

main symptoms to associated with fasciola

Answer 19

fever and hepatomegaly (in contrast tot he liver flukes)

Question 20

are the eggs of fasciola

Answer 20

unembroyonated needs to become embroyonated in the water about 10 days

Question 21

moa for humans to get dicroceliasias

Answer 21

by swallowing an ant or water that contains an ant, there have been cases of people drinking from water coolers with contaminated ants

Question 22

diagnosis of the lancet

Answer 22

stool sample as as usual willconcnetrate the stool to get rid of the waffle and focus on the eggs

Question 23

tx of lancet

Answer 23

pranziquental

Question 24

what kind of host in then human in fasciola

Answer 24

accidental definitive host