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Spanish Wine Scholar > Major Grape varieties: Tinto (Red) > Flashcards

Major Grape varieties: Tinto (Red) Flashcards

1
Q

Which variety was created by Henri Bouschet in the late 1800s?

A

Alicante Henri Bouschet & Alicante Bouschet #2

Most vineyards are a mix of these 2 varieties and referred simply as Alicante Bouschet.

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2
Q

Describe the characteristics of Alicante Bouschet in the vineyard.

A
  • high-yielding
  • vigorous
  • thrives in warm growing conditions
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3
Q

What characteristics does Alicante Bouschet add to a wine blend?

A
  • fruit
  • color
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4
Q

Name the synonym for Alicante Bouschet.

A

Garnacha Tintorera

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5
Q

Which region & DOP is Alicante Bouschet planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Castilla-La Mancha

Primary DOP:
* DO Almansa

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6
Q

Bobal is indigenous to which wine region?

A

Utiel-Requena in Valencia

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of the Bobal variety in the vineyard?

A
  • vigorous
  • productive
  • drought-resistant
  • vulnerable to rot/mildew
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8
Q

What are the characteristics of wine produced from Bobal?

A
  • deeply pigmented
  • moderate alcohol
  • bright acidity
  • supple tannins
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9
Q

Which regions & DOPs is Bobal planted in?

A

Autonomous Regions:
* Valencia
* Castilla-La Mancha

Primary DOPs:
* DO Utiel-Requena
* DO Manchuela

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10
Q

What is the parentage of the Callet variety?

A
  • Palomino Fino x Villardiel: according to Jancis Robinson et al. in Wine Grapes
  • Fogoneu x Callet Cas Concos: intimated by research, but not confirmed
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11
Q

What does Callet mean?

A

This variety is from the island of Mallorca where in local dialect it means “black.”

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Callet?

A
  • low to moderate alcohol
  • moderate acidity
  • delicate tannin
  • red fruit
  • violet perfume
  • mineral & saline accents
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13
Q

Which region & DOP is Callet planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Las Islas Baleares

Primary DOP:
* DO Pla i Llevant

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14
Q

Where is the Fogoneu variety native to?

A

Mallorca

Note: its exact parentage has not been confirmed by DNA analysis.

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of wine made from Fogoneu?

A

This variety is said to be similar in aroma, flavor & structure to Gamay Noir.

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16
Q

Which varieties are frequently blended with Fogoneu?

A
  • Callet
  • Manto Negro
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17
Q

Name the synonyms for Fogoneu.

A
  • Fogonet
  • Fogonetxo
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18
Q

Which region & DOP is Fogoneu planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Las Islas Baleares

Primary DOP:
* DO Pla i Llevant

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19
Q

How did Garnacha Peluda get its name?

A

“Hairy Grenache” is a variety that is named so for having leaves with a downy underside. This adaptation designed to mitigate hydric stress by slowing down water loss through transpiration.

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20
Q

What is the connection between Garnacha Peluda & Garnacha Tinta?

A

Garnacha Peluda is a variant of Garnacha Tinta.

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21
Q

How does Garnacha Peluda compare to Garnacha Tinta?

A

Garnacha Peluda produces wines w/:
* lower alcohol
* higher acidity

These 2 grapes are similarly prone to oxidation & both are wind-resistant.

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22
Q

Name the synonym for Garnacha Peluda.

A
  • Garnatxa Peluda
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23
Q

Which region & DOP is Garnacha Peluda planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Cataluna

Primary DOP:
* DO Terra Alta

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24
Q

Where is Garnacha Tinta believed to be native to?

A

Aragon

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25
What are the characteristics of **Garnacha Tinta** in the vineyard?
* vigorous * productive * long-lived * extremely drought-tolerant * wind-tolerant
26
What are the characteristics of wines made from **Garnacha Tinta**?
* high-alcohol * red berry fruit * moderate acidity * low tannin * low pigment * prone to oxidation * versatile & used in variety of styles including vinos rosados & vinos tintos (young & barrel-aged)
27
Name the synonyms for **Garnacha Tinta**.
* **Garnacha Negra** * **Garnatxa Tinta** * **Garnatxa Negra** * **Lledoner** * **Grenache** (France)
28
Which **regions** & **DOP**s is **Garnacha Tinta** planted in?
Autonomous Regions: * **La Rioja** * **Navarra** * **Aragon** * **Cataluna** * **Madrid** Primary DOPs: * **DOCa Rioja** * **DO Navarra** * **DO Calatayud** * **DO Campo de Borja** * **DO Carinena** * **DO Emporda** * **DO Montsant** * **DOQ Priorat** * **DO Terra Alta** * **DO Vinos de Madrid**
29
What are the characteristics of **Graciano** in the vineyard?
* vigorous * late-ripening * low-yielding * drought-resistant
30
What are the characteristics of wines made from **Graciano**?
* bright acidity * fruity-floral aromatics
31
Name the synonym for **Graciano**.
**Tintilla**
32
Which **region** & **DOP** is **Graciano** planted in?
Autonomous Region: * **La Rioja** Primary DOP: * **DOCa Rioja**
33
Where does **Hondarribi Beltza** get its name?
* *Hondarribia* is a town in **Pais Vasco** * "*Beltza*" in Basque means "*black*"
34
DNA analysis has shown that **Hondarribi Beltza** is a parent to what grape variety?
**Cabernet Franc**
35
What are the characteristics of wines made from **Hondarribi Beltza**?
* moderately high alcohol * moderately high acidity * moderately high tannin * moderately high pigment * typically display herbal aromatics
36
Name the synonyms for **Hondarribi Beltza**.
* **Hondarrabi Beltza** * **Ondarrabi Beltza** * **Txakoli** * **Chacoli**
37
Which **region** & **DOP**s is **Hondarribi Beltza** planted in?
Autonomous Region: * **Pais Vasco** Primary DOP: * **DO Arabako Txakolina**/Txakoli de Alava/Chacoli de Alava * **DO Bizkaiko Txakolina**/Txakoli de Bizkaia/Chacoli de Bizkaia * **DO Getariako Txakolina**/Txakoli de Getaria/Chacoli de Getaria
38
Where is **Listan Negro** native to?
**Las Islas Canarias**
39
**Listan Negro** is related to **Listan Blanco**/**Palomino Fino**. True or false?
**False** **Listan Negro** has a completely unique DNA makeup & is unrelated to any other grape variety.
40
What are the characteristics of **Listan Negro** in the vineyard?
* vigorous * productive
41
What are the characteristics of wines made from **Listan Negro**?
* easy-drinking * low-tannin * notes of raspberries, blackberries, licorice & black pepper * responds well to *carbonic maceration*
42
Name the synonym for **Listan Negro**.
**Almuneco**
43
Which **region** & **DOP**s is **Listan Negro** planted in?
Autonomous Region: * **Las Islas Canarias** Primary DOPs: * **DO Gran Canaria** * **DO La Palma** * **DO Tacoronte-Acentejo** * **DO Valle de la Orotava** * **DO Ycoden-Daute-Isora**
44
Where is **Manto Negro** believed to be native to?
**Mallorca**
45
What are the characteristics of **Manto Negro** in the vineyard?
* productive * relatively mildew-resistant
46
What are the characteristics of wines made from **Manto Negro**?
* light pigment * high alcohol * prone to oxidation
47
What grape variety is frequently blended with **Manto Negro**?
**Callet**
48
Name the synonym for **Manto Negro**.
**Mantonegro**
49
Which **region** & **DOP**s is **Manto Negro** planted in?
Autonomous Region: * **Las Islas Baleares** Primary DOPs: * **DO Binissalem** * **DO Pla i Llevant**
50
Where is **Mazuelo** believed to be native to?
**Aragon**
51
What are the characteristics of **Mazuelo** in the vineyard?
* vigorous * productive * late-budding * late-ripening * needs a long, hot growing season to thrive
52
What are the characteristics of wines made from **Mazuelo**?
* high-acid * deeply pigmented * tannic The tannins in this wine can be quite aggressive; tannin management is key to avoid coarse & rustic bottlings.
53
Name the synonyms for **Mazuelo**.
* **Samso** * **Carinena** * **Carignane** * **Mazuela** * **Carinyena** * Carignan (France)
54
Which **region**s & **DOP**s is **Mazuelo** planted in?
Autonomous Regions: * **La Rioja** * **Aragon** * **Cataluna** Primary DOPs: * **DOCa Rioja** * **DO Carinena** * **DO Montsant** * **DOQ Priorat**
55
Where is **Mencia** believe to be native to?
**Bierzo**, in the province of Leon.
56
What are the characteristics of **Mencia** in the vineyard?
* not very productive * wind-sensitive * susceptible to rot/mildew * tends to lose acidity as it reaches maturity putting extra focus on the timing of harvest
57
What are the characteristics of wines made from **Mencia**?
* light * vibrant * soft tannins * moderate alcohol
58
Name the synonym for **Mencia**.
Jaen (Portugal)
59
Which **region**s & **DOP**s is **Mencia** planted in?
Autonomous Regions: * **Galicia** * **Asturias** * **Castilla y Leon** Primary DOPs: * DO Monterrei * **DO Ribeira Sacra** * **DO Valdeorras** * VC Cangas * **DO Bierzo**
60
Where does **Monastrell** get its name?
This variety takes its name from the Latin word "*monasteriellu*," a diminutive form of the word for "monastery" intimating a link to cultivation by religious orders.
61
Where is **Monastrell** believed to be native to?
**Valencia**
62
What are the characteristics of **Monastrell** in the vineyard?
* late-ripening * requires significant heat to ripen * prefers proximity to the Mediterrean coast for more moderate temperature swings & temperate winters
63
What are the characteristics of wines made from **Monastrell**?
* high alcohol * high tannin * deep pigment * dark black fruit & wildy meaty flavors * wines run the risk of being reductive
64
Name the synonyms for **Monastrell**.
* **Garrut** (**Valencia**) * Mourvedre (France)
65
Which **region**s & **DOP**s is **Monastrell** planted in?
Autonomous Regions: * **Valencia** * **Murcia** * **Castilla-La Mancha** Primary DOPs: * **DO Alicante** * **DO Bullas** * **DO Jumilla** * **DO Yecla** * **DO Almansa**
66
Where is **Prieto Picudo** believed to be native to?
Northwest Spain
67
Which variety is **Prieto Picudo** related to?
**Alfrocheiro** (Portuguese) Unrelated to **Prieto Picudo Blanco** (**Godello**), despite the name.
68
What are the characteristics of **Prieto Picudo** in the vineyard?
* low-vigor * low-yielding * prefers temperate climates
69
What are the characteristics of wines made from **Prieto Picudo**?
* high-acid * high-alcohol * moderate pigment * pronounced berry fruit * expressive aromatics
70
Which **region** & **DOP**s is **Prieto Picudo** planted in?
Autonomous Region: * **Castilla y Leon** Primary DOPs: * **DO Tierra de Leon** * **VC Valles de Benavente**
71
**Rufete** is native to where?
This very old grape is native to central Portugal; it moved to Spain long ago.
72
What are the characteristics of **Rufete** in the vineyard?
* late-ripening * challenging to grow
73
What are the characteristics of wines made from **Rufete**?
* lightly pigmented * low-alcohol * high acidity
74
Name the synonym for **Rufete**.
**Tinta Pinheira** (Portugal)
75
Which **region** & **DOP** is **Rufete** planted in?
Autonomous Region: * **Castilla y Leon** Primary DOP: * **VC Sierra de Salamanca**
76
Which is Spain's most widely planted ***red*** grape variety?
**Tempranillo**
77
Where does **Tempranillo** get its name?
This variety takes its name from the Spanish word "***temprano***" meaning "*early*," due to the fact that it buds & ripens early.
78
What are the characteristics of **Tempranillo** in the vineyard?
* early-budding * early-ripening * moderate to high-yielding (depending on site)
79
What are the characteristics of wine made from **Tempranillo**?
* moderate alcohol * moderate to low acidity * significant tannins * subtle hints of strawberry & cherry * dominant flavor profile: leather, spice, balsa wood & malt
80
Name the synonyms for **Tempranillo**.
* **Tinto Fino** * **Tinta del Pais** * **Tinto del Pais** * **Tinta de Toro** * **Ull de Llebre** * **Cencibel** * **Aragones** * **Tinto de Madrid** * **Arauxa** * Tinta Roriz (Portugal)
81
Which **region**s & **DOP**s is **Tempranillo** planted in?
Autonomous Regions: * **Castilla y Leon** * **La Rioja** * **Navarra** * **Castilla-La Mancha** * **Madrid** * **Extremadura** Primary DOPs: * **DO Arlanza** * **DO Cigales** * **DO Ribera del Duero** * **DO Tierra del Vino de Zamora** * **DO Toro** * **VC Valtiendas** * **DOCa Rioja** * **DO Navarra** * **DO La Mancha** * **DO Valdepenas** * **DO Vinos de Madrid** * **DO Ribera del Guadiana**
82
Where is **Trepat** native to?
Northeast Spain
83
What are the characteristics of **Trepat** in the vineyard?
* vigorous * productive * large clusters * thick skins
84
What are the characteristics of wines made from **Trepat**?
* lightly pigmented * moderate tannins * moderate acidity * beautiful berry fruit & cinnamon spice
85
Which **region** & **DOP**s is **Trepat** planted in?
Autonomous Region: * Bonicaire (**Murcia**) Primary DOPs: * **DO Cava** * **DO Conca de Barbera**

Spanish Wine Scholar (31 decks)

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