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Spanish Wine Scholar > Major Grape varieties: Tinto (Red) > Flashcards

Major Grape varieties: Tinto (Red) Flashcards

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1
Q

Which variety was created by Henri Bouschet in the late 1800s?

A

Alicante Henri Bouschet & Alicante Bouschet #2

Most vineyards are a mix of these 2 varieties and referred simply as Alicante Bouschet.

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2
Q

Describe the characteristics of Alicante Bouschet in the vineyard.

A
  • high-yielding
  • vigorous
  • thrives in warm growing conditions
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3
Q

What characteristics does Alicante Bouschet add to a wine blend?

A
  • fruit
  • color
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4
Q

Name the synonym for Alicante Bouschet.

A

Garnacha Tintorera

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5
Q

Which region & DOP is Alicante Bouschet planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Castilla-La Mancha

Primary DOP:
* DO Almansa

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6
Q

Bobal is indigenous to which wine region?

A

Utiel-Requena in Valencia

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of the Bobal variety in the vineyard?

A
  • vigorous
  • productive
  • drought-resistant
  • vulnerable to rot/mildew
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8
Q

What are the characteristics of wine produced from Bobal?

A
  • deeply pigmented
  • moderate alcohol
  • bright acidity
  • supple tannins
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9
Q

Which regions & DOPs is Bobal planted in?

A

Autonomous Regions:
* Valencia
* Castilla-La Mancha

Primary DOPs:
* DO Utiel-Requena
* DO Manchuela

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10
Q

What is the parentage of the Callet variety?

A
  • Palomino Fino x Villardiel: according to Jancis Robinson et al. in Wine Grapes
  • Fogoneu x Callet Cas Concos: intimated by research, but not confirmed
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11
Q

What does Callet mean?

A

This variety is from the island of Mallorca where in local dialect it means “black.”

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Callet?

A
  • low to moderate alcohol
  • moderate acidity
  • delicate tannin
  • red fruit
  • violet perfume
  • mineral & saline accents
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13
Q

Which region & DOP is Callet planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Las Islas Baleares

Primary DOP:
* DO Pla i Llevant

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14
Q

Where is the Fogoneu variety native to?

A

Mallorca

Note: its exact parentage has not been confirmed by DNA analysis.

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of wine made from Fogoneu?

A

This variety is said to be similar in aroma, flavor & structure to Gamay Noir.

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16
Q

Which varieties are frequently blended with Fogoneu?

A
  • Callet
  • Manto Negro
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17
Q

Name the synonyms for Fogoneu.

A
  • Fogonet
  • Fogonetxo
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18
Q

Which region & DOP is Fogoneu planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Las Islas Baleares

Primary DOP:
* DO Pla i Llevant

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19
Q

How did Garnacha Peluda get its name?

A

“Hairy Grenache” is a variety that is named so for having leaves with a downy underside. This adaptation designed to mitigate hydric stress by slowing down water loss through transpiration.

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20
Q

What is the connection between Garnacha Peluda & Garnacha Tinta?

A

Garnacha Peluda is a variant of Garnacha Tinta.

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21
Q

How does Garnacha Peluda compare to Garnacha Tinta?

A

Garnacha Peluda produces wines w/:
* lower alcohol
* higher acidity

These 2 grapes are similarly prone to oxidation & both are wind-resistant.

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22
Q

Name the synonym for Garnacha Peluda.

A
  • Garnatxa Peluda
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23
Q

Which region & DOP is Garnacha Peluda planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Cataluna

Primary DOP:
* DO Terra Alta

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24
Q

Where is Garnacha Tinta believed to be native to?

A

Aragon

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25
Q

What are the characteristics of Garnacha Tinta in the vineyard?

A
  • vigorous
  • productive
  • long-lived
  • extremely drought-tolerant
  • wind-tolerant
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26
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Garnacha Tinta?

A
  • high-alcohol
  • red berry fruit
  • moderate acidity
  • low tannin
  • low pigment
  • prone to oxidation
  • versatile & used in variety of styles including vinos rosados & vinos tintos (young & barrel-aged)
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27
Q

Name the synonyms for Garnacha Tinta.

A
  • Garnacha Negra
  • Garnatxa Tinta
  • Garnatxa Negra
  • Lledoner
  • Grenache (France)
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28
Q

Which regions & DOPs is Garnacha Tinta planted in?

A

Autonomous Regions:
* La Rioja
* Navarra
* Aragon
* Cataluna
* Madrid

Primary DOPs:
* DOCa Rioja
* DO Navarra
* DO Calatayud
* DO Campo de Borja
* DO Carinena
* DO Emporda
* DO Montsant
* DOQ Priorat
* DO Terra Alta
* DO Vinos de Madrid

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29
Q

What are the characteristics of Graciano in the vineyard?

A
  • vigorous
  • late-ripening
  • low-yielding
  • drought-resistant
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30
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Graciano?

A
  • bright acidity
  • fruity-floral aromatics
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31
Q

Name the synonym for Graciano.

A

Tintilla

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32
Q

Which region & DOP is Graciano planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* La Rioja

Primary DOP:
* DOCa Rioja

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33
Q

Where does Hondarribi Beltza get its name?

A
  • Hondarribia is a town in Pais Vasco
  • “Beltza” in Basque means “black”
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34
Q

DNA analysis has shown that Hondarribi Beltza is a parent to what grape variety?

A

Cabernet Franc

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35
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Hondarribi Beltza?

A
  • moderately high alcohol
  • moderately high acidity
  • moderately high tannin
  • moderately high pigment
  • typically display herbal aromatics
36
Q

Name the synonyms for Hondarribi Beltza.

A
  • Hondarrabi Beltza
  • Ondarrabi Beltza
  • Txakoli
  • Chacoli
37
Q

Which region & DOPs is Hondarribi Beltza planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Pais Vasco

Primary DOP:
* DO Arabako Txakolina/Txakoli de Alava/Chacoli de Alava
* DO Bizkaiko Txakolina/Txakoli de Bizkaia/Chacoli de Bizkaia
* DO Getariako Txakolina/Txakoli de Getaria/Chacoli de Getaria

38
Q

Where is Listan Negro native to?

A

Las Islas Canarias

39
Q

Listan Negro is related to Listan Blanco/Palomino Fino. True or false?

A

False

Listan Negro has a completely unique DNA makeup & is unrelated to any other grape variety.

40
Q

What are the characteristics of Listan Negro in the vineyard?

A
  • vigorous
  • productive
41
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Listan Negro?

A
  • easy-drinking
  • low-tannin
  • notes of raspberries, blackberries, licorice & black pepper
  • responds well to carbonic maceration
42
Q

Name the synonym for Listan Negro.

A

Almuneco

43
Q

Which region & DOPs is Listan Negro planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Las Islas Canarias

Primary DOPs:
* DO Gran Canaria
* DO La Palma
* DO Tacoronte-Acentejo
* DO Valle de la Orotava
* DO Ycoden-Daute-Isora

44
Q

Where is Manto Negro believed to be native to?

A

Mallorca

45
Q

What are the characteristics of Manto Negro in the vineyard?

A
  • productive
  • relatively mildew-resistant
46
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Manto Negro?

A
  • light pigment
  • high alcohol
  • prone to oxidation
47
Q

What grape variety is frequently blended with Manto Negro?

A

Callet

48
Q

Name the synonym for Manto Negro.

A

Mantonegro

49
Q

Which region & DOPs is Manto Negro planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Las Islas Baleares

Primary DOPs:
* DO Binissalem
* DO Pla i Llevant

50
Q

Where is Mazuelo believed to be native to?

A

Aragon

51
Q

What are the characteristics of Mazuelo in the vineyard?

A
  • vigorous
  • productive
  • late-budding
  • late-ripening
  • needs a long, hot growing season to thrive
52
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Mazuelo?

A
  • high-acid
  • deeply pigmented
  • tannic

The tannins in this wine can be quite aggressive; tannin management is key to avoid coarse & rustic bottlings.

53
Q

Name the synonyms for Mazuelo.

A
  • Samso
  • Carinena
  • Carignane
  • Mazuela
  • Carinyena
  • Carignan (France)
54
Q

Which regions & DOPs is Mazuelo planted in?

A

Autonomous Regions:
* La Rioja
* Aragon
* Cataluna

Primary DOPs:
* DOCa Rioja
* DO Carinena
* DO Montsant
* DOQ Priorat

55
Q

Where is Mencia believe to be native to?

A

Bierzo, in the province of Leon.

56
Q

What are the characteristics of Mencia in the vineyard?

A
  • not very productive
  • wind-sensitive
  • susceptible to rot/mildew
  • tends to lose acidity as it reaches maturity putting extra focus on the timing of harvest
57
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Mencia?

A
  • light
  • vibrant
  • soft tannins
  • moderate alcohol
58
Q

Name the synonym for Mencia.

A

Jaen (Portugal)

59
Q

Which regions & DOPs is Mencia planted in?

A

Autonomous Regions:
* Galicia
* Asturias
* Castilla y Leon

Primary DOPs:
* DO Monterrei
* DO Ribeira Sacra
* DO Valdeorras
* VC Cangas
* DO Bierzo

60
Q

Where does Monastrell get its name?

A

This variety takes its name from the Latin word “monasteriellu,” a diminutive form of the word for “monastery” intimating a link to cultivation by religious orders.

61
Q

Where is Monastrell believed to be native to?

A

Valencia

62
Q

What are the characteristics of Monastrell in the vineyard?

A
  • late-ripening
  • requires significant heat to ripen
  • prefers proximity to the Mediterrean coast for more moderate temperature swings & temperate winters
63
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Monastrell?

A
  • high alcohol
  • high tannin
  • deep pigment
  • dark black fruit & wildy meaty flavors
  • wines run the risk of being reductive
64
Q

Name the synonyms for Monastrell.

A
  • Garrut (Valencia)
  • Mourvedre (France)
65
Q

Which regions & DOPs is Monastrell planted in?

A

Autonomous Regions:
* Valencia
* Murcia
* Castilla-La Mancha

Primary DOPs:
* DO Alicante
* DO Bullas
* DO Jumilla
* DO Yecla
* DO Almansa

66
Q

Where is Prieto Picudo believed to be native to?

A

Northwest Spain

67
Q

Which variety is Prieto Picudo related to?

A

Alfrocheiro (Portuguese)

Unrelated to Prieto Picudo Blanco (Godello), despite the name.

68
Q

What are the characteristics of Prieto Picudo in the vineyard?

A
  • low-vigor
  • low-yielding
  • prefers temperate climates
69
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Prieto Picudo?

A
  • high-acid
  • high-alcohol
  • moderate pigment
  • pronounced berry fruit
  • expressive aromatics
70
Q

Which region & DOPs is Prieto Picudo planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Castilla y Leon

Primary DOPs:
* DO Tierra de Leon
* VC Valles de Benavente

71
Q

Rufete is native to where?

A

This very old grape is native to central Portugal; it moved to Spain long ago.

72
Q

What are the characteristics of Rufete in the vineyard?

A
  • late-ripening
  • challenging to grow
73
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Rufete?

A
  • lightly pigmented
  • low-alcohol
  • high acidity
74
Q

Name the synonym for Rufete.

A

Tinta Pinheira (Portugal)

75
Q

Which region & DOP is Rufete planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Castilla y Leon

Primary DOP:
* VC Sierra de Salamanca

76
Q

Which is Spain’s most widely planted red grape variety?

A

Tempranillo

77
Q

Where does Tempranillo get its name?

A

This variety takes its name from the Spanish word “temprano” meaning “early,” due to the fact that it buds & ripens early.

78
Q

What are the characteristics of Tempranillo in the vineyard?

A
  • early-budding
  • early-ripening
  • moderate to high-yielding (depending on site)
79
Q

What are the characteristics of wine made from Tempranillo?

A
  • moderate alcohol
  • moderate to low acidity
  • significant tannins
  • subtle hints of strawberry & cherry
  • dominant flavor profile: leather, spice, balsa wood & malt
80
Q

Name the synonyms for Tempranillo.

A
  • Tinto Fino
  • Tinta del Pais
  • Tinto del Pais
  • Tinta de Toro
  • Ull de Llebre
  • Cencibel
  • Aragones
  • Tinto de Madrid
  • Arauxa
  • Tinta Roriz (Portugal)
81
Q

Which regions & DOPs is Tempranillo planted in?

A

Autonomous Regions:
* Castilla y Leon
* La Rioja
* Navarra
* Castilla-La Mancha
* Madrid
* Extremadura

Primary DOPs:
* DO Arlanza
* DO Cigales
* DO Ribera del Duero
* DO Tierra del Vino de Zamora
* DO Toro
* VC Valtiendas
* DOCa Rioja
* DO Navarra
* DO La Mancha
* DO Valdepenas
* DO Vinos de Madrid
* DO Ribera del Guadiana

82
Q

Where is Trepat native to?

A

Northeast Spain

83
Q

What are the characteristics of Trepat in the vineyard?

A
  • vigorous
  • productive
  • large clusters
  • thick skins
84
Q

What are the characteristics of wines made from Trepat?

A
  • lightly pigmented
  • moderate tannins
  • moderate acidity
  • beautiful berry fruit & cinnamon spice
85
Q

Which region & DOPs is Trepat planted in?

A

Autonomous Region:
* Bonicaire (Murcia)

Primary DOPs:
* DO Cava
* DO Conca de Barbera

Spanish Wine Scholar (31 decks)

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