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BIOSC-101 E2 > M9 > Flashcards

M9 Flashcards

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1
Q

Genetics

A

Study of heredity

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2
Q

Heredity

A

Transmission of traits from one generation to another

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3
Q

Blending Inheritance

A

Offsprings are a blend of their parents. (Not completely true)

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4
Q

Gregor Mendal

A

Father of modern genetics, studied peas

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5
Q

Pea Characteristics

A

Self-Fertilize, true-breeding= no cross-pollination
Mature in one season = many generations in a short time
Produce large quantities of offsprings->reduce change results

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6
Q

Monohybrid cross

A

2 individuals identical except for one trait

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7
Q

P Generation

A

Parent Generation

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8
Q

F1 Generation

A

First filial Generation

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9
Q

F2 Generation

A

Second filial generation

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10
Q

What types of cross did Mendel preform

A

Recipricol Cross

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11
Q

What did Mendal concluded from his experiments

A

Characteristics have expressed and latent traits

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12
Q

Dominant allele

A

An allele that if present will always be expressed

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13
Q

Recessive Allele

A

Only expressed when no dominant allele is present

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14
Q

Heterozygote

A

2 different alleles

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15
Q

Homozygote

A

2 same alleles

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16
Q

Homozygote dominant

A

2 dominant alleles

17
Q

Homozygote recessive

A

2 recessive alleles

18
Q

Genotype

A

genetic composition

19
Q

Phenotype

A

Physical appearance

20
Q

Law of Dominance

A

one trait will cancel another in a heterozygote

21
Q

Punnent Square

A

predicts/visualizes all possible outcomes from a hybridization

22
Q

Law of Segregation

A

2 alleles for each gene separate randomly, but equally into the 4 gametes

23
Q

Law of independent assortment

A

Genes do not influence each other while sorting into gametes

24
Q

Dyhybrid cross

A

2 Identical individuals except for 2 traits

25
Q

Incomplete Dominance

A

Offspring with blended/intermediate phenotype

26
Q

Codominance

A

both alleles expressed simultaneously

27
Q

Multiple Alleles

A

2+ alleles can exist in a population even though individuals only have 2

28
Q

Wild Type

A

most common phenotype in a population

29
Q

Sex-Linked Traits

A

traits that are influenced by genes in the sex chromosomes

30
Q

Linkage

A

genes that are located physically close together on same chromosomes are more likely to be inherited as a pair

31
Q

Epistasis

A

One gene modifying the expression of another gene

32
Q
A

BIOSC-101 E2 (9 decks)

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