M6: Specific Viruses pt. 3

Question 1

polio morphology

Answer 1

• single stranded
• non-enveloped
• RNA
• ~7,700 nucleotides long

Question 2

polio overview

Answer 2

• aka poliomyelitis
• part of picornaviridae family
• most significant small virus

Question 3

polio size

Answer 3

30 nm

Question 4

polio disease progression

Answer 4

• enters CNS
• replicates & damages motor neurons in spinal cord, brainstem, or motor cortex regions
• causes temporary or permanent paralysis

Question 5

polio vaccine inventor (injection)

Answer 5

Jonas Salk (1955)

Question 6

polio vaccine inventor (oral)

Answer 6

Albert Savin (1961)

Question 7

influenza morphology

Answer 7

• segmented
• single-stranded
• enveloped
• RNA

Question 8

influenza overview

Answer 8

• part of orthomyxoviridae family

- 3 subtypes

Question 9

influenza subtypes (3)

Answer 9

A, B, C

Question 10

influenza subtype A

Answer 10

• most pathogenic subtype

- most severe disease in humans

Question 11

influenza size

Answer 11

50-120 nm in diameter

Question 12

glycoproteins in influenza’s viral envelope (2)

Answer 12

• hemagglutinin (HA)

- neuraminidase (N)

Question 13

hemagglutinin (HA)

Answer 13

• glycoprotein heavily involved in viral particle entering host cell
• 16 subtypes

Question 14

how influenza strains are named

Answer 14

depending on HA & N proteins present in envelope (e.g. H1N1)

Question 15

neuraminidase

Answer 15

• glycoprotein involved in budding & release of new viral particles from host cell
• 9 subtypes

Question 16

influenza prevention & treatment

Answer 16

• can’t vaccinate against all types bc so many variants

- treated via antivirals that target HA & N proteins