M5 Subtopic 1 (Cell Functions) Flashcards
Enumerate the functions of the Nucleus
Genetic Information
Regulation
..Nucleolus?
Enumerate the functions of the Cell Membrane
Selective Permeability
Communication
Structural Support
Enumerate the functions of the Cytoplasm
Medium for Chemical Reactions
Support for Organelles
Transport Within the Cell
Enumerate the functions of the Mitochondria
Energy Production
Apoptosis
Enumerate the functions of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Lipid Synthesis
Detoxification
Calcium Storage
Enumerate the functions of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Protein Synthesis
Transport
Enumerate the functions of the Chloroplast
Photosynthesis
Storage of starch
Enumerate the functions of the Cell Wall
Support & Protection
Communication
Enumerate the functions of the Lysosome
Digestion
Autophagy
Enumerate the functions of the Vesicles
Transport
Secretion
Houses the cell’s DNA, which contains the instructions for all cellular activities.
Genetic Information (Nucleus)
It controls gene expression and mediates the replication of DNA during the cell cycle.
Regulation (Nucleus)
Inside the nucleus is where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesized and combined with proteins to form ribosomes.
Nucleolus (Nucleus)
It regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining the internal environment (homeostasis).
Selective Permeability (Cell Membrane)
Membrane proteins are involved in cell signaling, allowing cells to communicate with each other.
Communication (Cell Membrane)
It provides structural support and helps maintain the cell’s shape.
Structural Support (Cell Membrane)
It provides a medium where many of the cell’s metabolic reactions occur.
Medium for Chemical Reactions (Cytoplasm)
It supports and suspends the cell’s organelles, keeping them in place.
Support for Organelles (Cytoplasm)
It plays a role in the transport of materials within the cell, facilitated by the cytoskeleton
Transport Within the Cell (Cytoplasm)
This converts the energy stored in glucose and other nutrients into ATP through a process called cellular respiration
Energy Production (Mitochondria)
They play a role in programmed cell death, which is crucial for development and maintaining healthy tissues
Apoptosis (Mitochondria)
It is involved in the synthesis of lipids, including oils, phospholipids, and steroids.
Lipid Synthesis (SER)
It helps in the detoxification of drugs and poisons in the liver.
Detoxification (SER)
It stores calcium ions, which are vital for muscle contraction and other cellular processes.
Calcium Storage (SER)
The ribosomes on it synthesize proteins, are then processed and modified within the it.
Protein Synthesis (RER)
It transports synthesized proteins to the Golgi body for further processing and sorting.
Transport (RER)
They capture light energy and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose & oxygen.
Photosynthesis (Chloroplasts)
They also store starch, which is a product of photosynthesis
Storage of Starch (Chloroplasts)
Maintains cell shape, prevents excessive water intake, and protects against mechanical stress.
Support and Protection (Cell wall)
Contains pores called plasmodesmata, allowing communication between cells.
Communication (Cell wall)
Breaks down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign invaders like bacteria.
Digestion (Lysosome)
Involved in breaking down damaged organelles for recycling.
Autophagy (Lysosome)
Carries proteins, lipids, and other molecules between different cell compartments.
Transport (Vesicles)
Involved in exocytosis, where vesicles fuse with the cell membrane to release contents outside the cell.
Secretion (Vesicles)
