M5 Subtopic 1 (Cell Functions)

Question 1

Enumerate the functions of the Nucleus

Answer 1

Genetic Information
Regulation
..Nucleolus?

Question 1

Enumerate the functions of the Cell Membrane

Answer 1

Selective Permeability
Communication
Structural Support

Question 2

Enumerate the functions of the Cytoplasm

Answer 2

Medium for Chemical Reactions
Support for Organelles
Transport Within the Cell

Question 3

Enumerate the functions of the Mitochondria

Answer 3

Energy Production
Apoptosis

Question 4

Enumerate the functions of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 4

Lipid Synthesis
Detoxification
Calcium Storage

Question 5

Enumerate the functions of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 5

Protein Synthesis
Transport

Question 6

Enumerate the functions of the Chloroplast

Answer 6

Photosynthesis
Storage of starch

Question 7

Enumerate the functions of the Cell Wall

Answer 7

Support & Protection
Communication

Question 8

Enumerate the functions of the Lysosome

Answer 8

Digestion
Autophagy

Question 9

Enumerate the functions of the Vesicles

Answer 9

Transport
Secretion

Question 10

Houses the cell’s DNA, which contains the instructions for all cellular activities.

Answer 10

Genetic Information (Nucleus)

Question 11

It controls gene expression and mediates the replication of DNA during the cell cycle.

Answer 11

Regulation (Nucleus)

Question 12

Inside the nucleus is where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesized and combined with proteins to form ribosomes.

Answer 12

Nucleolus (Nucleus)

Question 13

It regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining the internal environment (homeostasis).

Answer 13

Selective Permeability (Cell Membrane)

Question 14

Membrane proteins are involved in cell signaling, allowing cells to communicate with each other.

Answer 14

Communication (Cell Membrane)

Question 15

It provides structural support and helps maintain the cell’s shape.

Answer 15

Structural Support (Cell Membrane)

Question 16

It provides a medium where many of the cell’s metabolic reactions occur.

Answer 16

Medium for Chemical Reactions (Cytoplasm)

Question 17

It supports and suspends the cell’s organelles, keeping them in place.

Answer 17

Support for Organelles (Cytoplasm)

Question 18

It plays a role in the transport of materials within the cell, facilitated by the cytoskeleton

Answer 18

Transport Within the Cell (Cytoplasm)

Question 19

This converts the energy stored in glucose and other nutrients into ATP through a process called cellular respiration

Answer 19

Energy Production (Mitochondria)

Question 20

They play a role in programmed cell death, which is crucial for development and maintaining healthy tissues

Answer 20

Apoptosis (Mitochondria)

Question 21

It is involved in the synthesis of lipids, including oils, phospholipids, and steroids.

Answer 21

Lipid Synthesis (SER)

Question 22

It helps in the detoxification of drugs and poisons in the liver.

Answer 22

Detoxification (SER)

Question 23

It stores calcium ions, which are vital for muscle contraction and other cellular processes.

Answer 23

Calcium Storage (SER)

Question 24

The ribosomes on it synthesize proteins, are then processed and modified within the it.

Answer 24

Protein Synthesis (RER)

Question 25

It transports synthesized proteins to the Golgi body for further processing and sorting.

Answer 25

Transport (RER)

Question 26

They capture light energy and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose & oxygen.

Answer 26

Photosynthesis (Chloroplasts)

Question 27

They also store starch, which is a product of photosynthesis

Answer 27

Storage of Starch (Chloroplasts)

Question 28

Maintains cell shape, prevents excessive water intake, and protects against mechanical stress.

Answer 28

Support and Protection (Cell wall)

Question 29

Contains pores called plasmodesmata, allowing communication between cells.

Answer 29

Communication (Cell wall)

Question 30

Breaks down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign invaders like bacteria.

Answer 30

Digestion (Lysosome)

Question 31

Involved in breaking down damaged organelles for recycling.

Answer 31

Autophagy (Lysosome)

Question 32

Carries proteins, lipids, and other molecules between different cell compartments.

Answer 32

Transport (Vesicles)

Question 33

Involved in exocytosis, where vesicles fuse with the cell membrane to release contents outside the cell.

Answer 33

Secretion (Vesicles)