M4 Subtopic 2

Question 1

Enumerate the Hierarchy of Life (Smallest to Largest)

Answer 1

Atom
Molecule
Macromolecule
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biosphere

Question 2

Enumerate the five common characteristics of life discussed.

Answer 2

Gathering and Using of Energy
Nutrient Uptake and Processing
Waste Elimination
Adapting and Evolving
Reproducing and Continuing of Life

Question 3

The process by which energy is released by the breakdown of food substances.

Answer 3

Cellular respiration

Question 4

All chemical processes, reactions, and energy changes happening inside the body.

Answer 4

Metabolism

Question 5

The process by which organisms acquire food.

Answer 5

Nutrition

Question 6

Two types of energy acquisition?

Answer 6

Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

Question 7

Organisms like plants capture energy from sunlight through photosynthesis.

Answer 7

Autotrophs

Question 8

Nutrients are broken down and converted into usable forms of energy through processes like cellular respiration.

Answer 8

Processing

Question 9

Involves the absorption of essential nutrients from the environment or food.

Answer 9

Nutrient Uptake

Question 10

Organisms like animals obtain energy by consuming other organisms.

Answer 10

Heterotrophs

Question 11

A crucial biological process that involves the removal of harmful metabolic byproducts from an organism’s body.

Answer 11

Waste Elimination

Question 12

Refers to an organism’s ability to move or manipulate its environment. It allows organisms to find food, escape predators.

Answer 12

Motility

Question 13

Level in which movement of substances occur within cells (e.g., cytoplasmic streaming).

Answer 13

Cellular Level

Question 14

Movement of the entire organism (e.g., walking, swimming, flying).

Answer 14

Organismal Level

Question 15

The ability of an organism to respond to stimuli from its environment. This responsiveness is crucial for survival, enabling organisms to adapt to changing conditions.

Answer 15

Irritability

Question 16

Process through which organisms adjust to their environment to improve survival and reproduction.

Answer 16

Adaptation

Question 17

The three types of adaptation are…?

Answer 17

Structural
Behavioral
Physiological

Question 18

Refers to the changes of physical features (e.g., thick fur for cold climates).

Answer 18

Structural Adaptation

Question 19

Refers to the changes of actions or behaviors (e.g., migration in birds).

Answer 19

Behavioral Adaptation

Question 20

Refers to the changes of internal processes (e.g., sweating to cool down).

Answer 20

Physiological Adaptation

Question 21

The change in the genetic makeup of a population over time, leading to the development of new species. Ensures genetic diversity and life continuity.

Answer 21

Evolution

Question 22

Essential for the life cycle of organisms, from conception to maturity.

Answer 22

Growth and Development

Question 23

Refers to the increase in size and number of cells in an organism.

Answer 23

Growth

Question 24

Involves the process by which an organism matures from a single cell to a complex organism.

Answer 24

Development

Question 25

The process by which organisms produce offspring to continue their species - ensures the continuity of life and genetic diversity.

Answer 25

Reproduction

Question 26

When offspring arise from a single parent (e.g., binary fission in bacteria).

Answer 26

Asexual Reproduction

Question 27

When it involves the fusion of gametes from two parents (e.g., humans).

Answer 27

Sexual Reproduction

Question 28

The passing of traits from parents to offspring through genetic material (DNA). It explains why offspring resemble their parents and is fundamental to the study of genetics.

Could occur in traits (eye color, blood type) or genetic disorders (hemophilia, cystic fibrosis)

Answer 28

Heredity