M5 Chpt 7 - Public Health Nutrition: An International Perspective

Question 1

Malnutrition

Answer 1

Poor nutritional status due to dietary intake either above or below the optimal level

Question 2

Hunger

Answer 2

A condition in which people lack the basic food intake needed to provide them with the energy and nutrients for fully productive, active lives

Question 3

Famine

Answer 3

A widespread lack of access to food due to a disaster, drought, political conflict, or war that causes a collapse in the area’s food production and marketing systems

Question 4

Stunting

Answer 4

Malnourished based on height for age

Question 5

Wasted

Answer 5

Malnourished based on weight for age

Question 6

Nonstandard Work Schedules

Answer 6

Irregular days, rotating hours or days, weekend days, and regular evening or night hours

Question 7

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

Answer 7

• World Bank and United Nations
• Purpose – To promote poverty reduction, education, maternal health, and gender equality to combat child mortality, AIDS, and other diseases and to reduce maternal death rates by ¾ by 2015

Question 8

Mother-to-child-Transmission

Answer 8

When a woman passes HIV virus to her baby. This can happen during pregnancy, labor, and delivery or breastfeeding.

Question 9

The causes of poverty include

Answer 9

• Lack of resources
• Unequal income distribution around the world and within specific countries
• Conflict

Question 10

3 General Areas of Concern for Sustainable Agriculture

Answer 10

• Economic concerns
• Environmental concerns
• Public welfare concerns

Question 11

Economic Concerns

Answer 11

To increase or maintain the number, quality, and long-term economic possibility of farming and other agricultural business opportunities in a community or region

Question 12

Environmental Concerns

Answer 12

To increase the integrity, diversity, and long-term productivity of both the managed agricultural ecosystem and the surrounding natural ecosystems

Question 13

Public Welfare Concerns

Answer 13

To increase the healthy, safety, and aesthetic satisfaction of agricultural producers and consumers

Question 14

Nutrification

Answer 14

The process of adding one or more nutrients to commonly consumed foods with the goal of increasing the nutrient intake

Question 15

Nutrition Transition

Answer 15

A shift in dietary habit from a diet high in complex carbohydrates and fiber to a diet higher in fat, saturated fat, and sugar; this occurs as incomes increase

Question 16

World Health Organization International Code of Marketing of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes (WHO Code)

Answer 16

Aims to protect and promote breastfeeding

Question 17

Two common types of programs

Answer 17

• Supplementary feeding programs

- Therapeutic feeding programs

Question 18

Supplementary Feeding Programs

Answer 18

Often targeted toward the moderately malnourished alone or toward the moderately malnourished plus other programs

Question 19

Therapeutic feeding programs

Answer 19

Began by treating children in experimental wards and continued with the transference of expensive hospital diets to refugee situations

Question 20

Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT)

Answer 20

• Reduces mortality rate in malnourished individuals
• Relationship between malnutrition and infection is cyclical
• Helps with dehydration due to diarrheal illness

Question 21

En Masse

Answer 21

Treating clients without highly trained nursing staff