M4 Chpt 5: Cultural Influences and Public Health Nutrition Flashcards
Acculturation
The process of a cultural group adapting or learning the cultural norms of another group
Dietary Acculturation
- The process that occurs when immigrants adopt the dietary practices, eating patterns, and food choices of the host country
- Can be good or bad
Ethnocentrism
- A way of looking at the world through a personal lens that has been influenced by personality, genetics, family and relationships, and media
- Subconscious disregard for cultural differences
Health
The status of an individual’s condition and their state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
Health Care
The process of treating an illness or injury
Health disparities are associated with ____ outcomes for ______ populations
- Poor
- Minority
Hunger-obesity paradox
Obesity and hunger can coexist in the same person within the same household
Rural areas have significantly higher rates of
- Heart disease
- Cancer
- Diabetes
Biology in the context of determinants of health
The individual’s genetic makeup, family history, and the physical and mental health problems attained during life
Culture
Customary beliefs, social norms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group
Race
A social classification that relies on physical markers, such as skin color, to identify group membership
Ethnicity
Shared origins or social background; shared culture and traditions that are maintained between generations; and shared culture that contributes to a sense of identity and group
Cultural Competence
Understanding the importance of social and cultural influences on individual’s health beliefs and behaviors
4 Steps to acquiring cultural competence
- Cultural awareness
- Cultural knowledge
- Cultural skill
- Cultural encounter
Cultural Awareness
Developing an understanding and sensitivity to another ethnic group’s values, beliefs, practices, lifestyles, and problem-solving strategies
Cultural Knowledge
Involves acclimatizing to selected cultural characteristics such as history, values, belief systems, and behaviors of the members of another ethnic group
Cultural Skill
Effective integration of cultural awareness and cultural knowledge to meet the participant’s needs
Communication
A social interaction of giving and receiving information for facilitating understanding and creating social connection with a common set of rules
Cultural sensitivity
A heightened knowledge of the needs of the client
When designing health promotion programs for multicultural groups you should focus on…
Developing programs that are culturally sensitive rather than catering to the dominant culture
Barriers to multicultural health promotion and disease prevention
- Primary language spoken
- Lack of available physician offices/hospitals
- Transportation can also be barriers
African American Dietary Patterns
- Hight in fat, salt, and sugar
- High in fried foods and sweetened drinks
Hispanic/Latino American Dietary Patterns
- Increased consumption of high-fat, high sugar, highly processed foods associated with mainstream culture
- Increased due to dietary acculturation
Native American Dietary Patterns
Cereal w/ milk, fried potatoes, fried eggs, chopped meat, milk, bread with butter, oatmeal/cornmeal, white sugar
