M3 Chpt 4: U.S. Nutrition Monitoring & Food Assistance Programs Flashcards
Food Security/Food Secure
Access to enough food for an active, healthy life & includes the availability of nutritionally adequate & safe foods and the ensure ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways
Food Insecurity/Food Insecure without Hunger
When the availability of nutritionally adequate & safe foods or the ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways is limited or uncertain
Low Food Security/Food Insecure w/ Moderate Hunger
When there is reduced quality, variety, or desirability of diet, without reduced intake
Very Low Food Security/Food Insecure w/ Severe Hunger
When there is reduced intake and disrupted eating patterns (skipping meals) because there was not enough money for food
Current Population Survey (CPS)
Annual survey of food security among a sample of people in the US
Households are classified into one of four categories based on food security, these are
- Food security/food secure
- Food insecurity/food insecure w/out hunger
- Low food security/food insecure w/ moderate hunger
- Very Low food security/food insecure w/ severe hunger
(T/F) Poverty/income is a contributing factor to food insecurity
True
The Working Poor
- Those who spent at least 27 weeks of the year in the labor force whose incomes are below the official poverty threshold
- In the labor force – either working or looking for work
After age 65, the probability of experiencing a year below the poverty line at some point is
40%
Rates of food insecurity/hunger in the elderly depends on
- Household composition
- Household income
- Race and ethnicity
- Area of residence
The 2 factors that contribute most to homelessness and hunger
- Unaffordable housing
- Low/lack of income
Housing Wage
The amount a person working full time must earn to pay for a two-bedroom rental unit at a fair market rent w/out paying more than 30% of their income on rent
_____ is the largest food assistance program in the US
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
Allotment
The amount of benefit each household could receive
Households are expected to spend ___% of household income on food
30%
What is the purpose of food distribution programs
To strengthen the food and nutrition safety net through commodity distribution and other nutrition assistance to low-income individuals and families
The Commodity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP)
- Works to improve the health of low-income pregnant and breastfeeding women, infants, and children up to age 6 and elderly people at least 60 years old
- They do this by supplementing their diets with nutritious USDA commodity foods
Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations (FDPIR)
- Helps low-income households living on a reservation to maintain a nutritionally balanced diet
- Includes American Indian and non-Indian households on reservations
- Those who don’t have access to SNAP offices/other authorized food stores can use FDPIR
The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP)
- Purpose – To reduce costs of federal food inventories and storage and help poor people at the same time
- Formerly known as Temporary Emergency Food Assistance Program
- The amount each state receives from the USDA depends on its low-income and unemployed population
- Contributes to state agencies (food banks) -> agencies distribute foods to the public
Nutrition Services Incentive Program (NSIP)
- Purpose – to provide incentives to states and tribes for the effective delivery of nutritious meals to older adults
- 60 or older and their spouses
- Indian Tribe Offices (ITO)’s can choose an age below 60 for defining an older person
Food Distribution Disaster Assistance
- Distribute commodity foods directly to households that are in need due to an emergency
- Takes place when normal commercial food supply channels (grocery stores) have been disrupted, damaged, destroyed, or cannot function (no electricity, etc.)
- The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) – coordinates overall disaster relief efforts
- Under DHS
The National School Lunch Program
- Lunch program and the School Breakfast Program – designed to improve children’s diet, nutrient intake, and well-being
- These meals make important contributions to children’s mental and physical development & have to meet requirements in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans
- Most support from USDA comes from reimbursement for each meal served
After School Snack Program
- Programs that meet eligibility requirements can receive reimbursement via the National School Lunch Program
- To be eligible - Have to provide children w/ regularly scheduled activities in an organized, structured, and supervised environment
- Designed to promote health and well-being of children and youth
Special Milk Program
- Provides milk to children in schools, childcare institutions, and eligible camps
- Camps can’t participate in other federal child nutrition meal service programs
- Reimburses schools for milk served
