M1 Chpt 1: Community Nutrition & Public Health Flashcards
Community Nutrition Includes
- Public health nutrition
- Dietetics
- Nutrition education
- Medical nutrition therapy
Common-Interest Community
A collection of people with common interests that bind them together regardless of their geographic location
Public Health
The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, & health & efficiency through organized community efforts
The 3 important parts of prevention
- Personal
- Community-based
- Systems-based
Personal Prevention
- Involves people at the individual level
- Ex: Encouraging new moms to breastfeed
Community-based Prevention
- Targets groups
- Ex: Public campaigns for healthy eating
Systems-based prevention
- Deals with changing policies and laws to achieve the objectives of prevention practice
- Can include socioeconomic status because it affects health through environmental and behavioral factors (especially in children)
- Ex: Laws regarding childhood immunizations, food labels, & food safety
The link between socioeconomic status and health-related issues are triggered and maintained by:
- The selective process
- The causative process
The selective process
Represented by childhood health, which determines adult health and socioeconomic position
The causative process
Represents 3 groups of risk factors:
- Lifestyle
- Structural or environmental
- Psychosocial, stress-related factors
Primary Prevention
- Focused on controlling risk factors
- Preventing diseases before they happen
- Reducing incidence
- Ex: fortifying milk w/ vitamin D
Secondary Prevention
- Identifying disease early through screening
- Identifying disease before signs and symptoms show
- Timely intervention
- Ex: Providing nutrition education to those with high cholesterol
Tertiary Prevention
- Intervention to reduce severity of diagnosed condition
- Goal is to prevent or delay disability or death
- Ex: Providing education programs for those recently diagnosed with hypertension
Health promotion
The process of enabling people to increase control over the determinants of health and improve their health
Interdisciplinary team
- A collaboration among personnel representing different disciplines of public health workers
- Ex: nurses, social workers, dietitians, etc.
Moral virtues for healthcare professionals established by the American Board of Internal Medicine
- Integrity
- Respect
- Compassion
Nutrition Care Process & Model (NCPM)
Method used by nutrition professionals to evaluate and make decisions about nutrition-related problems
Nutrition Care Process Steps
- Assessment
- Diagnosis
- Intervention
- Monitoring and evaluation
Critical thinking
The way individuals learn to assess and modify a situation before acting
Diagnosis statement:
- AKA a PES statement
- Summary of nutrition diagnosis
- Standard phrases include are “related to” and “evidenced by”
- Addresses the most important/urgent problem first
The four categories of nutrition intervention
- Food and/or nutrient delivery
- Nutrition education
- Nutrition counseling
- Coordination of nutrition care
Community nutritionists should focus interventions on…
The etiology/cause of the problem identified in the PES/diagnosis statement
Nutrition Prescription
The recommended dietary intake of selected foods or nutrients based on currently dietary guidelines, current health, and nutrition diagnosis
Nutrition implementation
The action phase of the nutrition intervention
