M 2. Henry VII Foreign Policy

Question 1

What were Henrys main aims for his foreign policy?

Answer 1

1. national security
2. earn money
3. trade links
4. secure his Tudor Dynasty

Question 2

What was his foreign policy like with Brittany?

Answer 2

Henry felt loyal to Brittany as he grew up there in exile
When France invaded Brittany henry signed the treaty of Redon promising to send troops to help defend for Anne of Brittany.
Anne surrendered in 1491 and so Brittany became part of France.

Question 3

What was his foreign policy like with Spain?

Answer 3

Henry wanted to build links with Spain as they were very powerful.

The treaty of medina del campo had 3 main aspects 1. Marriage alliance between Catherine of Aragon and Arthur (this never happened as he died 1502 so she later married henry VIII) 2. Spain wouldn’t help the pretenders take over England 3. Alliance that they would help each other upon possible invasion.
After Arthurs death king Philip became uninterested as there was still a threat from Perkin Warbeck

Question 4

What was his Foreign policy like with Scotland?

Answer 4

-Scotland was England’s traditional enemy and one of their most threatening as they were the only one with a land border

-James IV king of Scotland made relations worse as he offered protection for Perkin Warbeck

-Treaty of Ayton 1497 ended fighting and so Warbeck fled

-1502 treaty of perpetual peace included that James IV would marry princess Margaret henrys eldest daughter, this would later give her control of Scotland after James’s death

Question 5

What was his foreign policy with Burgundy

Answer 5

-Difficult relations with burgundy as Margaret of burgundy was Richard III sister.
-1489 treaty of Dordrecht with Maximilian lead of the HRE to not send troops to burgundy which he failed to do.
-Relations worsened as Margaret supported Warbeck.
-Put a trade embargo on burgundy until 1496 but was ended by intercurcus magnus which ended trade barriers.
-Treaty of Windsor gave Philip and Joanna of Spain shelter in Spain from burgundy.
-Intercusus malus benefitted English merchants.

Question 6

What was Henrys Foreign policy with France like?

Answer 6

-France had 3 times the mainpower of England and money
-Nearest to England and tensioned worsened as henry supported Anne of Brittany
-Through extraordinary henry raised 12,000 troops to fight France
-They signed treaty of Etaples which secured henry a pension from France annually (50,000)

Question 7

What was his foreign policy like with Ireland?

Answer 7

-Most of Ireland owned by chieftains apart from the area around Dublin called the ‘pale’.
-Earl of Kildare made Perkin Warbeck king of Ireland to strengthen his claim to the throne.
-Henry removed Yorkist supporter and Perkin Warbeck earl of Kildare and replaced him with Sir Edward ponying’s.