Lymphsema & Elephatiasis

Question 1

What is the role of the lymphatic system?

Answer 1

Lymphatic system is the body’s way to stay healthy

Protein-rich lymph cycles through collecting bacteria, viruses, and waste

At the nodes, it is filtered out by lymphocytes

Question 2

What is lymphsema?

Answer 2

Refers to swelling of upper and lower extremities

Commonly caused by removal/damage of lymph vessels

Blockage of lymph fluid causes build up and edema

Question 3

What are the symptoms of lymphadema?

Answer 3

Swelling of part or all of your arm or leg, including fingers or toes

A feeling of heaviness or tightness

Restricted range of motion

Aching or discomfort

Recurring infections

Hardening and thickening of the skin (fibrosis)

Ranges from mild changes to severe, dramatic changes over night

Question 4

What are the different types of lymphedema?

Answer 4

Primary: occurs on its own

Secondary: caused by another disease/condition and is more common primary lymphedema

Question 5

What are the main causes of secondary lymphedema?

Answer 5

Surgey–removal/injury
Cancer
Radiation Therapy
Infection

Question 6

What are the main causes of primary lymphedema?

Answer 6

Milroy’s Disease (congenital lymphedma)–abnormal growth infancy

Meige’s Disease (lymphedema praecox)–during puberty/pregnancy until 35

Late-onset lymphedema—rarely after 35

Question 7

What test/diagnosis take action for lymphedema?

Answer 7

MRI Scan
CT Scan
Doppler Ultrasound
Radionuclide imaging

Question 8

What treatment options are availavable for lymphadema?

Answer 8

Exercises

Complete Decongestive Therapy (High BP, Diabetes, blood clots, infection)

Wrappings

Pneumatic Compressior

Compression Garments

Massage (skin infection,active cancer, blood clots, CHF)

Question 9

What are some preventions for lymphedema?

Answer 9

Towards cancer patients and surgery

Protect arm/legs from cuts, scrapes, and burns

Rest arms/legs while recovering

Avoid heat/cold

Elevate

Avoid tight clothing

Keep clean

Question 10

What is Elephantiasis?

Answer 10

Massive swelling of body parts (upper and lower extremities and the genitals)

Skin becomes thickened and darkened

Question 11

What are the symptoms for Elephatiasis?

Answer 11

Swelling in scrotum

Pain in the Testicles

White urinary discharge

Massively swollen legs, genitalia and breasts

Enlarged groin lymph nodes

Blocked lymph ducts

Fever

Question 12

What are some of the main causes of elephatiasis?

Answer 12

Parasitic disease, lymphatic filariasis

Repeated streptococcal Infection

Parasitic worms, including Wuchereria Banocrofti, Brugia malayi, and B. timori

Infected female mosquito bites

Hereditary birth defect

Question 13

What are some immediate treatments for emphysema?

Answer 13

Medicines to treat lymphatic filariasis immediately after infection: U.S. Diethylcarbamazine/ Outside of the U.S. Albendazole and Ivermectin

Bandaging

Surgical treatment for scrotal elephantiasis

Question 14

What is tonsillitis?

Answer 14

Inflammation of the tonsils due to bacterial/viral infection that can cause pain and difficulty swallowing

Question 15

What are some of the symptoms for tonsillitus?

Answer 15

Red, swollen tonsils

White or yellow coating or patches on the tonsils

Sore throat

Difficult or painful swallowing

Fever

Enlarged, tender glands (lymph nodes) in the neck

A scratchy, muffled or throaty voice

Stomachache, particularly in younger children

Stiff neck

Headache

Question 16

What are the causes of tonsillitus?

Answer 16

Can be caused by common viruses

Bacterium causing tonsillitis: Steptococcus pyogenes

Question 17

What are some treatment options for tonsillitus?

Answer 17

Rest

Fluids

Saltwater garg

Humidifer

Lozenges

Avoid Irritants

Pain killers

Antibiotics

Surgery

Question 18

What is Appendicits?

Answer 18

Inflammation of the appendix that causes pain in the lower right abdomen that becomes worse over time

Question 19

What are some of the symptoms of Appendictis?

Answer 19

Sudden pain begins at naval and shifts to lower right abdomen

Pain that worsens if you cough, walk or make other jarring movements

Nasea and vomiting

Loss of appetite

Low-grade fever that may worsen as the illness progresses

Constipation or diarrhea

Abdominal bloating

Sudden pain: in lower and right abdomen

Question 20

What are the causes of appendictis?

Answer 20

Blockage in the lining of the appendix

Results in infection

Bacteria replicate and appendix becomes swollen, inflamed, filled with pus
–if not treated if could rupture

Question 21

How do you treat appendictis?

Answer 21

Surgery
Appendectomy (Laparotomy 2-4 inces)
Laparoscopic surgery (5-10 centimeters)

Draining of abcess