ABO and Rh blood Typing

Question 1

What antigens are tested on the surface of RBCs?

Answer 1

A, B, and Rh

Question 2

Is a substance that is able to produce an immune response and will react with a specific antibody is called what?

Answer 2

Antigen

Question 3

Are plasama proteins that combine with a specific antigen to inhibit or destory is called what?

Answer 3

Antibodies

Question 4

Is followed upon the activation of another plasma protein that attaches to the recipient’s RBCs and hemolyzes or burts them, releasing hemoglobin that can cause kidney damage is called what?

Answer 4

Aggulinate (Clump)

Question 5

What happens to people with type A blood have anti B antibodies?

Answer 5

Become cross-linked and agglintinate if type B blood is given to them

Question 6

If you have the Rh anitigen as a surface membrane molecule on your RBC’s you are what?

Answer 6

Rh+

Question 7

If you do not have the Rh antigen, you are

Answer 7

Rh-

Question 8

The rupture or destruction of RBC is called what?

Answer 8

Hemolysis

Question 9

Blood Type A has what antigen & anitbody?

Answer 9

A antigen

Anti-B antibody

Question 10

Blood Type B has what antigen & antibody?

Answer 10

B antigen

Anti-A antibody

Question 11

Blood Type AB has what antigen & antibody?

Answer 11

Both A and B Antigens

Niether Anitbody

Question 12

Blood Type O has what antigen & antibody?

Answer 12

Niether A nor B antigen

Both Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies

Question 13

Which is a Universal donor?

Answer 13

O-

Question 14

Which is a Universal Recipient?

Answer 14

AB+

Question 15

What are the 8 different types of blood?

Answer 15

AB+
AB-
B+
B-
A+
A-
O+
O

Question 16

Can Rh antibodies cross the placenta?

Answer 16

Yes, cause they are IgG’s are small

Question 17

Can AB anitbodies cross the placenta?

Answer 17

No, cause IgM’s are large

Question 18

People with Rh- blood normally do not synthesize anti-Rh antibodies unless what?

Answer 18

Unless exposed to the Rh+ antigen

Question 19

What is a lymph?

Answer 19

Fluid that moves from aterial end of capillaries is not resorbed by venous system

The ISF bathes cells then enters lymphatic capillaries where it is then called a lymph.

Question 20

Where is lymph carried?

Answer 20

Carried back toward neck and dumped into the subclavian vein

Question 21

What are some of the similarities that lymphatic vessels have similar to veins?

Answer 21

More valves
Thinner 
No blood 
Close Ended 
Follow pathways of veins-but is uni-directional

Question 22

What is arrange these terms trunks, capillaries, vessels, and ducts in order?

Answer 22

Capillaries–>vessles–>trunks–>ducts

Question 23

What are the two main ducts that lymph trunks merge to?

Answer 23

Thoracic duct and Right lymphatic duct

Question 24

Sac-like structure and it starts at the thoracic duct is called what?

Answer 24

Cysterna Chyli

Question 25

What are the primary organs of the lymphatic system?

Answer 25

Thymus, Spleen, Nodes (have a capsule)

Question 26

What are the tissues of the lymphatic system?

Answer 26

Tissues (no capsule) are nodules and other sites

Question 27

What are the primary lymphatic locations (production)?

Answer 27

Thymus and Red Bone Marrow

Question 28

What are the secondary lymphatic locations (action)?

Answer 28

Spleen, Nodes/nodules (within nodes), MALTs, appendix, tonsils etc.

Question 29

Does each organ/tissue house lymphocytes?

Answer 29

Yes

Question 30

What is the route of the lymph flow through the lymph node?

Answer 30

1) Lymph comes in the afferent vessels
2) Subscapular sinus=empty space
3) Flows around the trabecular sinus
4) Medullary sinus
5) Goes out of the efferent lymphatic vessel

Question 31

Single nodules in connective tissue of mucous membranes are called what?

Answer 31

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

Question 32

What are the Aggregations of large nodules?

Answer 32

Peyer’s Patches–in the small intestine

Lymphoid follicles in the Appendix

Five tonsils: Pharyngeal tonsil(1), paired palatine(2), lingual tonsils(2)

Bronchial nodules

Question 33

What are B cells?

Answer 33

They become immunocompetent in red bone marrow where they’re made

Plasma cells secrete antibodies: “antibody mediated or humoral mediated” immunity agiainst foreign intruders

Question 34

What are T cells?

Answer 34

They have to migrate to thymus through bloodstream to become immunocompetent

Cytotoxic T cells directly attack: “cell mediated immunity” which attack foreign cells with toxic chemicals

Question 35

What type of cells does a T lymphocyte have?

Answer 35

Memory T cells
Cytotoxic T cells
Helper T cells

Question 36

What type of cells does a B lymphocyte have?

Answer 36

Plasma cells and Memory B cells

Question 37

What is the main function of the Thymus?

Answer 37

Is to ‘‘educate’’, support and stimulate immature T cells

Question 38

What is the function of the spleen?

Answer 38

Spleen is largest lymphatic organ–filters blood of old RBC, platelet reservoir, red pulp, and white pulp

Question 39

What is part of the upper respiratory system?

Answer 39

Nose
Pharynx
Larynx

Question 40

What type of cells does Nasal cavity and nasopharynx have?

Answer 40

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar epithelium (muscous membranes)

Question 41

What type of cells does oropharynx and laryngopharynx have?

Answer 41

Stratified Squamous Epithelium (protects underlying tissue and is nonkeratinized)