Lymphoid Tissue Flashcards
What are the causes of lymphadenopathy?
Reactive
- infection or non-infective
Malignant
- Lymphoma or metastasis
In which malignancies can granulomas be seen?
Carcinoma
Seminoma
What is the histopathological pattern of melanoma in a LN?
Large single cells with lots of cytoplasm
+/- pigment
What is the histopathological feature of sarcoma?
Spindle cells
What non-infective and non-malignant causes of reactive lymphadenopathy?
Sarcoid
RA
SLE
Drug induced
Foreign body
Perimalignant (adjacent to a tumour)
What do you see in the LNs in a bacterial infection?
Neutrophils
What do you see in the LNs in a parasitic infection?
Eosinophils
What do you see in the LNs in TB?
Caseating granulomatous tissue
Where does Hodgkin lymphoma typically present?
Neck and mediastinal nodes
Which type of lymphoma is common in the groin?
T-cell lymphoma
A polyclonal process is typical of benign or malignant lymphoma?
Benign
A monoclonal process is typical of benign or malignant lymphoma?
Malignant
Which lymphoma has a classic starry sky appearance on histopath?
Burkitt lymphoma
How do nodes in Hodgkin lymphoma feel on palpation?
Rock hard
How do plasma cell typically appear?
Eccentric round nuclei
Clumped, clock-face nuclei
Perinuclear hoff
What is plasmacytoma?
Usually solitary, bone marrow not involved
What is the kappa/lambda pattern in multiple myeloma?
Cells only express one of the two
What is the name of the light chain protein filtered in the kidney in MM?
Bence Jones proteins
What are the renal manifestations of MM?
Hypercalcaemia > renal stones
Cast nephropathy (with Bence Jones proteins)
Neoplastic infiltration
Amyloidosis
What is the pathophysiology of amyloidosis?
Deposition of misfolded beta-sheets protein into various tissues of the body
What is the difference between primary and secondary amyloidosis?
Primary - usually associated with plasma cell or lymphoplasmocytic lesions
Secondary - associated with other chronic disease eg TB, RA
Where does endocrine amyloidosis manifest?
Thyroid
Islets of Langerhans in pancrease
How is the diagnosis of amyloidosis made?
Biopsy of organ with amyloid congo red stain positive
