Glomerular Disease Flashcards
What is the normal amount of protein the kidney excrete?
How is proteinuria measured?
Spot urine Protein/creatinine ratio
24hour urine collection
Dipstick
Why do you use a protein/creatinine ratio?
It accounts for urine concentration
What proportion of protein in urine is albumin?
1/3
What is the commonest cause of haematuria?
UTIs
What are the characteristics of nephrotic syndrome?
Proteinuria >3-3.5g per day
Oedema
Hypoalbuminia
Hyperlipidaemia, lipiduria
Increased coagulability
Why do you get hyperlipidaemia in nephrotic syndrome?
The liver is stimulated to produce albumin and lipids are produced too
What are the characteristics of nephritic syndrome?
Haematuria
Elevated creatinine
Oedema
HTN
What are two forms of GN that present with haematuria mainly?
IgA disease
Post infectious GN
What features are prognostic of IgA progression?
HTN
Other renal impairment
Other proteinuria
How is IgA’s disease managed?
HTN control
- ACEI/ARBs
- Spironolactone
?Steroids - effacacy not proven
What does sympharyngitic refer to?
Macrohaematuria post viral infection
What is seen histologically for IgA’s disease?
Mesangial proliferation
IgA staining
What are three forms of GN that present with proteinuria?
Membraneous nephropathy
Minimal change disease
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
What types of GN can occur in kids?
Minimal change disease
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
