Lymphocytes and functions of antibody Flashcards
What are B cells involved in?
involved in humoral immunity
What is the main function of B cells?
production of antibodies
Where are B cells produced and matured?
In the bone marrow
What do B cells express?
B Cell receptors (antibodies)
What happens when B cell is activated?
- B cells (limited no. BCR ) differentiated into plasma cells
-now have a large amount of these receptors
What will activate the B cell?
Lymphocytes
particularly cd4+
What is the process of the activation and production of antibodies?
-The BCR expressed on B Cell will recognize a specific antigen expressed
-now activated B cell
-MHC II class - recognized by helper t cell
-communication between t cell and B cell (cytokines)
-produces memory B cells
-to tackle antibody, B cells become plasma cells and make antibodies
what is an antigen?
-really small proteins found on surface of bacterial cell
-spike protein expressed from a virus
-or molecule secreted
-
How can we identify pathogen?
-directly from surface of pathogen or by something produced after digestion of pathogen or after infection of our cells
What are the antibodies?
Antibodies: are proteins that are produced as an immune response against antigens
Structure of antibodies?
Y-shaped structure
Upper region- antigen binding region
Lower region - Fc region
What is point of Fc region?
Gives stability to molecule
What are the five different classes of antibodies and their function? (Immunogloblins)
IgG: main type of antibody. By binding many kinds of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, protects the body from infection.
IgA: protects mucosal surfaces, resistant to stomach acid
IgD: unknown function. In B cells, the function of IgD is to signal the B cells to be activated
IgM: first class to be produced
IgE: defends against parasites, causes allergies
