Cells of the nervous system

Question 1

What are the different parts of a neuron?

Answer 1

cell body (soma) - contains the nucleus
dendrites- ears of neuron, job is to receive info
initial segment (axon hillock) -determine whether action will be fired or not
axon ( presynaptic terminals)- releases neurotransmitter

Question 2

Peripheral nervous system general overview?

Answer 2

afferent sensory neurons (PNS)
to
interneurons (CNS)
to
efferent motor neurons (PNS)

Question 3

What physical shapes of sensory neurons do you get?

Answer 3

bipolar (one dendrite and one axon)
psuedounipolar (long axon , cell body comes off)

Question 4

What physical shapes of interneurons do you get?

Answer 4

multipolar (large no.dendrites)
anaxonic (no clear axon)

Question 5

What physical shapes of efferent motor neurons do you get?

Answer 5

multipolar (five to seven dendrites and one ling axon)

Question 6

What are Glia?

Answer 6

The other 90% of cells in CNS

Question 7

What are astrocytes? (CNS)

Answer 7

Maintain external environment for the neurons
Surround blood vessels and form blood brain barrier

Question 8

What are oligodendrocytes? (CNS)

Answer 8

Form myelin sheaths in the CNS

Question 9

What are microglia? (CNS)

Answer 9

Macrophages of the CNS, hoover up infection

Question 10

What are ependymal cells? (CNS)

Answer 10

Produce the cerebrospinal fluid

Question 11

What are Schwann cells? (PNS)

Answer 11

wrap around axons , form myeline sheaf. Can only insulate one axon unlike oligodendrocytes

Question 12

What are satellite cells (PNS)?

Answer 12

supply nutrients to the surrounding neurons and also have some structural function.