Lymphatic System

Question 1

What are the 4 features of inflammation?

Answer 1

1. Redness
2. Heat (from vasodilation)
3. Swelling (from vascular permeability)
4. Pain

Loss of function could be 5th

Question 2

What are the 2 significant differences between lymphocytes and peripheral blood leuokocytes?

Answer 2

1. Lymphocytes come from common lymphoid progenitor cell (not common myeloid progenitor)
2. Longer life span

Question 3

Which WBC is most prominent in children? Why?

Answer 3

Lymphocytes

Lymphocytes help to develop your immune system as a kid

Question 4

Humoral immunity

Answer 4

B lymphocytes active in response to antigens, become plasma cells and secrete antibodies

First response of adaptive immunity

Question 5

What are the 2 mechanisms of adaptive immunity?

Answer 5

Humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity

Question 6

Cell-mediated immunity

Answer 6

Cells react to different antigens and start cascade to kill the antigens
T-helper cells secrete cytokines that recruit cytotoxic T cells and NK cells

Question 7

Which mechanism of adaptive immunity is responsible for transplant rejection?

Answer 7

Cell-mediated immunity

Question 8

Describe the 3 characteristics of the lymphatic system

Answer 8

Recognition - self vs. foreign antigens
Specificity - subsets of cells recognize specific antigens
Memory - cells responsive to antigens created to deal with future exposures

Question 9

Antibodies

Answer 9

Bind to antigen to target it for destruction

Made by plasma cells (activated B cells)

Question 10

Cytokines

Answer 10

Polypeptides synthesized by mainly T cells (large granular lymphocytes, mononuclear phagocytes, tissue cells) that effect other immune cells

Ex: chemotactic factors, mitogenic agents, interferons, interleukins

Question 11

Complement

Answer 11

Plasma proteins that bind to antigens and mark them for destruction

Question 12

Interleukins

Answer 12

Promote growth and differentiation of T /B and hematopoietic cells

Question 13

Interferons

Answer 13

Small proteins / glycoproteins produced in response to an antigen

Question 14

Primary lymphocyte organs

Answer 14

Where lymphocytes develop

Thymus (T lymphocytes) and bone marrow (B lymphocytes)

Question 15

20-30% of circulating lymphocytes are ___.

Answer 15

B cells

Question 16

Where were B cells first seen?

Answer 16

Bursa of Fabricus (similar to bone marrow for birds)

Question 17

B cell functions

Answer 17

• -Produce/secrete immunoglobulins
• -Express B-cell receptors (membrane-bound Abs; IgM [immature], IgD [mature]) that act as antigen binding sites
• -Express MHC II (antigen-presenting)
• -Express CD19 (differentiates B cells from other types of cells)

Question 18

What do B cells express that is unique to that cell type?

Answer 18

CD19

Question 19

B cells are not antigen-presenting cells. T/F

Answer 19

False, B cells express MHC II

Question 20

The B cell receptors expressed on mature B cells is ___, while immature B cells express ___.

Answer 20

IgD, IgM