Lymphatic System Flashcards
Give the 2 parts of the lymphatic system
- System of ducts + fluid lymph
- System of lymphoid organs + tissues
the leaked fluid from capillaries in interstitial tissue once it’s in the associated duct
Lymph
List the 4 functions of the lymphatic system
- Removal of excess tissue fluid
- Waste material transport
- Filtration of lymph
- Protein transport
excess fluid accumulation due to inadequate fluid drainage from tissue
Edema
Give the 3 components of lymph
- Proteins
- Water
- Certain WBCs
Give the 2 types of lymphoid organs
- Primary Lymphoid Organs
- Secondary Lymphoid Organs
List the 3 primary lymphoid organs
- Thymus
- Bursa Fabricius
- Peyer’s Patches
the classification of lymphoid organs that function to regulate the lymphocyte maturation as an animal develops
Primary Lymphoid Organs
What is the function of the thymus as a primary lymphoid organ?
Produces most of the mature T cells
The primary lymphoid organ found only in birds and is located right above the cloaca
Bursa Fabricius
The primary lymphoid organs responsible for the activation of B cells to produce antibodies against antigens in the small intestines
Peyer’s Patches
the classification of lymphoid organs that trap and process antigens and mature lymphocytes that mediate immune responses
Secondary Lymphoid Organs
List the 3 secondary lymphoid organs
- Lymph nodes
- Spleen
- Tonsils
small, kidney bean-shaped filter that traps antigens and other foreign materials carried in lymph and drain the organs in their associated locations
Lymph Nodes
a tongue-shaped organ that stores and produces erythrocytes as well as filters blood and lymph
Spleen
nodules of lymphoid tissue not covered with a capsule that function to prevent the spread of infection into the respiratory and digestive systems
Tonsils
the outer layer of the lymph node
Cortex
the middle layer of the lymph node
Medulla
carries lymph away from the lymph node
Efferent lymphatic vessel
carries lymph to the lymph node
Afferent lymphatic vessel
a network of spaces formed from branched afferent lymphatic vessels
Sinus
covers the outside of the lymph node
Capsule
What are the 2 regions of soft tissue of the interior spleen?
- White Pulp
- Red Pulp
the region of the spleen formed from localized areas of lymphoid tissue containing lymphocytes that can clone themselves during an immune response
White Pulp
the region of the spleen consisting of blood vessels, tissue macrophages, and sinuses that filter out antigens and other foreign material from lymph and remove dead, dying, and abnormal erythrocytes
Red Pulp
the production of various blood cell types by the spleen when bone marrow fails to work properly
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis
a procedure used to replace fluid or blood that has been lost or destroyed that involves taking blood or a blood component from a donor animal and injecting it into a recipient animal
Transfusion Therapy
Give 5 indications for a needed blood transfusion
- Rapid blood loss
- Severe anemia
- Coagulation factor deficiency
- Lower than normal plasma protein count
- Thrombocytopenia
the condition in which plasma appears cloudy due to fat from digested food being suspended in the plasma
Postprandial lipemia
a classification of diseases in which part of an animal’s own body becomes recognized as foreign
Autoimmune Diseases
a disease in which the animal starts producing antibodies against its own red blood cells
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)
What is the absolute limit for blood drawn from an animal?
< 25%
Explain the method of determining how much blood can be withdrawn by using ml of blood / kg lean body weight
- Determine total blood volume (ml) = [lean body weight] kg x 75 ml of blood/kg
- Determine decimal value of final answer = [amount you want to take] ml / [total blood volume] ml
- Determine % of blood volume from the patient = [above answer] x 100
*50-100 ml (average 75 ml) of blood/kg of lean body weight
Explain the method of determining how much blood can be withdrawn by using lbs of blood / lbs of lean body weight
- Determine total blood volume (lbs) = [lean body weight] lbs x 0.07 (7%)
- Convert total blood volume to liquid measurements (lbs > qt)
2 pts = 1 qt
1 qt = 1 L
1 L = 1000 ml - Determine decimal value of final answer = [amount you want to take] ml / [total blood volume] ml
- Determine percentage of blood volume taken from the patient = [above answer] x 100
*6-8% (avg 7%) lbs of blood / lb of lean body weight
