Lymphatic System

Question 1

Give the 2 parts of the lymphatic system

Answer 1

1. System of ducts + fluid lymph
2. System of lymphoid organs + tissues

Question 2

the leaked fluid from capillaries in interstitial tissue once it’s in the associated duct

Answer 2

Lymph

Question 3

List the 4 functions of the lymphatic system

Answer 3

1. Removal of excess tissue fluid
2. Waste material transport
3. Filtration of lymph
4. Protein transport

Question 4

excess fluid accumulation due to inadequate fluid drainage from tissue

Answer 4

Edema

Question 5

Give the 3 components of lymph

Answer 5

1. Proteins
2. Water
3. Certain WBCs

Question 6

Give the 2 types of lymphoid organs

Answer 6

1. Primary Lymphoid Organs
2. Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Question 7

List the 3 primary lymphoid organs

Answer 7

1. Thymus
2. Bursa Fabricius
3. Peyer’s Patches

Question 8

the classification of lymphoid organs that function to regulate the lymphocyte maturation as an animal develops

Answer 8

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Question 9

What is the function of the thymus as a primary lymphoid organ?

Answer 9

Produces most of the mature T cells

Question 10

The primary lymphoid organ found only in birds and is located right above the cloaca

Answer 10

Bursa Fabricius

Question 11

The primary lymphoid organs responsible for the activation of B cells to produce antibodies against antigens in the small intestines

Answer 11

Peyer’s Patches

Question 12

the classification of lymphoid organs that trap and process antigens and mature lymphocytes that mediate immune responses

Answer 12

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Question 13

List the 3 secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 13

1. Lymph nodes
2. Spleen
3. Tonsils

Question 14

small, kidney bean-shaped filter that traps antigens and other foreign materials carried in lymph and drain the organs in their associated locations

Answer 14

Lymph Nodes

Question 15

a tongue-shaped organ that stores and produces erythrocytes as well as filters blood and lymph

Answer 15

Spleen

Question 16

nodules of lymphoid tissue not covered with a capsule that function to prevent the spread of infection into the respiratory and digestive systems

Answer 16

Tonsils

Question 17

the outer layer of the lymph node

Answer 17

Cortex

Question 18

the middle layer of the lymph node

Answer 18

Medulla

Question 19

carries lymph away from the lymph node

Answer 19

Efferent lymphatic vessel

Question 20

carries lymph to the lymph node

Answer 20

Afferent lymphatic vessel

Question 21

a network of spaces formed from branched afferent lymphatic vessels

Answer 21

Sinus

Question 22

covers the outside of the lymph node

Answer 22

Capsule

Question 23

What are the 2 regions of soft tissue of the interior spleen?

Answer 23

1. White Pulp
2. Red Pulp

Question 24

the region of the spleen formed from localized areas of lymphoid tissue containing lymphocytes that can clone themselves during an immune response

Answer 24

White Pulp

Question 25

the region of the spleen consisting of blood vessels, tissue macrophages, and sinuses that filter out antigens and other foreign material from lymph and remove dead, dying, and abnormal erythrocytes

Answer 25

Red Pulp

Question 26

the production of various blood cell types by the spleen when bone marrow fails to work properly

Answer 26

Extramedullary Hematopoiesis

Question 27

a procedure used to replace fluid or blood that has been lost or destroyed that involves taking blood or a blood component from a donor animal and injecting it into a recipient animal

Answer 27

Transfusion Therapy

Question 28

Give 5 indications for a needed blood transfusion

Answer 28

1. Rapid blood loss
2. Severe anemia
3. Coagulation factor deficiency
4. Lower than normal plasma protein count
5. Thrombocytopenia

Question 29

the condition in which plasma appears cloudy due to fat from digested food being suspended in the plasma

Answer 29

Postprandial lipemia

Question 30

a classification of diseases in which part of an animal’s own body becomes recognized as foreign

Answer 30

Autoimmune Diseases

Question 31

a disease in which the animal starts producing antibodies against its own red blood cells

Answer 31

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)

Question 32

What is the absolute limit for blood drawn from an animal?

Answer 32

< 25%

Question 33

Explain the method of determining how much blood can be withdrawn by using ml of blood / kg lean body weight

Answer 33

1. Determine total blood volume (ml) = [lean body weight] kg x 75 ml of blood/kg
2. Determine decimal value of final answer = [amount you want to take] ml / [total blood volume] ml
3. Determine % of blood volume from the patient = [above answer] x 100

*50-100 ml (average 75 ml) of blood/kg of lean body weight

Question 34

Explain the method of determining how much blood can be withdrawn by using lbs of blood / lbs of lean body weight

Answer 34

1. Determine total blood volume (lbs) = [lean body weight] lbs x 0.07 (7%)
2. Convert total blood volume to liquid measurements (lbs > qt)
   2 pts = 1 qt
   1 qt = 1 L
   1 L = 1000 ml
3. Determine decimal value of final answer = [amount you want to take] ml / [total blood volume] ml
4. Determine percentage of blood volume taken from the patient = [above answer] x 100

*6-8% (avg 7%) lbs of blood / lb of lean body weight