Lymph and Immune System Flashcards
Allergen
Allergic
Allergy
all- different, strange
- erg- work
- gen to produce
Substance producing a hypersensitivity (allergic) reaction
Pertaining to or suffering from an allergy
Hypersensitivity to a particular allergen
Humoral
humor- fluid
-al pertaining to
Defense mechanism arising from antibodies in the blood
Immune
Immunity
Immunology
immunologist
immun- immune response
- ity condition
- logy study of
- logist one who studies, specialist
Protected from an infectious disease
State of being protected
The science and practice of immunity and allergy
Medical specialist in immunology
Immunize
Immunization
Immunogobulin
immun- immune response
- ize affect in a specific way
- ization process of affecting in a specific way
- in chemical compound
Make resistant to an infectious disease
Administration of an agent to provide immunity
Specific protein evoked by an antigen; all antibodies are immunoglobulins
Lymph
Lymphatic
Lymphocyte
lymph/o- lymph
- atic pertaining to
- cyte Cell
A clear fluid collected fro tissues and transported by lymph vessels to the venous circulation
Pertaining to lymph or the lymphatic system
Small white blood cell with a nucleus
Node
A circumscribed mass of tissue
Parasite
An organism that attaches itself to, lives on or in, and derives its nutrition from another species
Pathogen
path/o disease
-gen to produce
A disease causing microorganism
Pollutant
pollut- unclean
-ant pertaining to
Substance that makes an environment unclean or impure
Toxin
Toxic
Toxicity
tox- poison
- ic pertaining to
- ity state, condition
Poisonous substance formed by a cell or organism
Pertaining to a toxin, poisonous
The state of being poisonous
Coreceptor
co- with, together
- recept- receive
- or a doer
Cell surface protein to enhance the sensitivity of an antigen receptor
Cytotoxic
cyt/o- cell
-toxic able to kill
Agent able to destroy cells
Follicle
Spherical mass of cells containing a cavity, or a small cul-de-sac such as a hair follicle
Macrophage
macro- large
-phage to eat
Large white blood cell that removes bacteria, foreign particles, and dead cells
Null cells
Lymphocytes with no surface markers, unlike T cells or B cells
Phagocyte
Phagocytize
Phagocytosis
phag/o- to eat
- cyt cell
- ize action
- osis condition
- ic pertaining to
Blood cell that ingests and destroys foreign particles and cells
Ingest foreign particles and cells
Process of ingestion and destruction of foreign particles and cells
Plasma Cell
Cell derived from B lymphoccytes and active in formation of antbodies
Adenoid
aden- gland
-oid resemble
Single mass of lymphoid tissue in the midline at the back of the throat`
Spleen
Splenectomy
Splenomegaly
splen- spleen
- ectomy surgical excision
- megaly enlargement
Vascular, lymphatic organ in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen
Surgical removal of the spleen
Enlarged Spleen
Tonsil
Tonsillectomy
Tonsillitis
tonsil- tonsil
- ectomy surgical excision
- itis imflammation
Mass of lymphoid tissues on either side of the throat at the back of the tongue
Surgical removal of the tonsils
Inflammation of the tonsils
Hodgkin Lymphoma
lymph- lymph
-oma tumor, mass
Disease marked by chronic enlargement of lymph nodes spreading to other nodes in an orderly way
Hypersplenism
hyper- excessive
splen-spleen
-ism condition, process
Condition in which the spleen removes blood components at an excessive rate
Lymphadenectomy
Lymphadenitis
Lymphandenopathy
lymphaden- lymph node
- ectomy surgical excision
- itis inflammation
- pathy disease
Surgical excision of a lymph node
Inflammation of a lymph node
Any disease process affecting a lymph node
Lymphangiogram
lymphangi/o lymphatic vessels
-gram recording
Radiographic images of the lymph vessels and nodes following injection of contrast material
Lymphedema
lymph- lymph
edema- edema
Tissue swelling due to lymphatic obstruction
Lymphoma
lymph- lymph
-oma tumor
Any neoplasm of lymphatic tissue
Autoimmune
auto- self, same
-immune immune response
Immune reaction directed against a persons own tissue
Discrimination
dis- away from, apart
- crimin- distinguish
- ation process
Ability to distinguish between different things
Hapten
Small molecule that has to bind to a larger molecule to form an antigen
Resistance
Resistant
resist- to withstand
- ance state of, condition
- ant pertaining to
Ability of an organism to withstand the effects of an antagonistic agent
Able to resist
Specific
Specificity
specif- species
- ic pertaining to
- ity condition, state
Relating to a particular entity
State of having a fixed relation to a particular entity
Attentuate
Attentuated
attenu- to weaken
- ate- composed of, pertaining to
- ated process
Weaken the ability of an organism to produce disease
Weakened
Complement
Group of proteins in serum that finish off the work of antibodies to destroy bacteria and other cells
Humoral Immunity
humor- fluid
-al pertaining to
immun- immune response
-ity condition
Defense mechanism arising from antibodies in the blood
Immune Serum
Serum taken form another human or animal that has antbodies to a disease
Vaccine
Vaccinate
Vaccination
vaccin- giving a vaccine
- ate composed, pertaining to
- ation process
Preparation to generate active immunity
To administer a vaccine
Administration of a vaccine
Allogen
Allogenic
Allograft
allo- strange, different
- gen producing
- ic pertaining to
- graft tissue for transplant
Antigen from someone else in the same species
Pertaining to allogen
Tissue gradt from another person or cadaver
Alloimmune
allo- strange, different
-immune immune response
Reaction directed against foreign tissue
Anaphylaxis
Anaphylactic
ana- away from
- phylaxis protection
- ic pertaining to
Immediate severe allergic reaction
Pertaining to anaphylaxis
Histamine
Antihistamine
hist- derived from histidine
-amine nitrogen containing
anti- against
Compound liberated in tissues as a result of injury or an allergic reaction
Drug used to treat allergic symptoms because of its action antagonistic to histamine
Hypersensitivity
hyper- excessive
- sensitiv- feeling
- ity condition
Exaggerated abnormal reaction to an allergen
Immunodeficiency
immun/o- immune response
- defici- failure
- ency quality
Failure of the immune system
Immunosuppression
immun/o- immune response
- suppress- pressed under
- ion process
Suppression of the immune response by an outside agent, such as a drug
Urticaria
Rash of itchy wheals (hives)
Dormant
dorm- sleep
-ant forming
Inactive
Incubation
incub- sit on, hatch
-ation process
Process to develop an infection
Opportunistic
opportun- take advantage of
- ist- agent
- ic pertaining to
An organism or a disease in a host with lowered resistance
Retrovirus
retro- backward
-virus poison
Virus that replicates in a host cell by converting its RNA core into DNA
Sarcoma
Kaposi Sarcoma
sarc- flesh
-oma tumor, mass
A malignant tumor originating in connective tissue
A malignancy often seen in AIDs patients
Virus
Viral
vir- virus
-al pertaining to
Group of infectious agents that require living cells for growth and reproduction
Pertaining to or caused by a virus
Bacterium
Bacteria
A unicellular microorganism that multiplies by cell division
Complex
A stable combination of two or more compounds in the body
Conjugate
con- together
jug- yolk
-ate composed of, pertaining to
To join together, usually in pairs
Immunoassay
immun/o- immune
-assay evaluate
Biohemical test that uses the reaction of an antibody to its antigen to measure the amount of a substance in a liquid
Immunodiagnostics
immun/o
- diagnost- decision
- ics pertaining to
A diagnostic process using antigen- antibody reactions
Radioallergosorbent
Radioimmunoassay
radi/o- radiation
- allerg/o- allergy
- sorb- suck in
- ent end result
- assay evaluate
A radioimmunoassay to detect IgE- bound allergens responsible for tissue hypersensitvity
Immunoassay of a substance that has been radioactively labeled
Alkylation
alkyl- alkali
-ation process
Introduction of a side chain into a compound
Antimetabolite
anti- against
- metabol- change
- ite
A substance that antagonizes another substance
Biologic
bio- life
- log- study of
- ic pertaining to
Pertaining to the study of life and living organisms
Calcineurin
calc/i calcium
- neur- nerve
- in chemical
A chemical that stimulates the growth and differentiation of T-cells
Cytokine
cyt/o- cell
-kine movement
A hormone like protein that regulates the intensity of an immune response
Cytostatic
Cytotoxic
cyt/o- cell
- stat- stop
- ic pertaining to
- toxic able to kill
inhibiting cell division
Destructive to cells
Immunotherapy
immun/o- immune response
-therapy treatment
Treatment to boost immune system function
Inhibitor
inhibit- restrain
-or That which does
An agent that restrains a chemical action
Interferon
inter- between
- fer- to strike
- on on
A small protein produced by T-cells in response to infection
Interleukin
inter- between
leuk- white
-in chemical
A group of cytokines synthesized by white blood cells
Monoclonal
mono- one
- clon- cutting used for propagation
- al pertaining to
Derived in the laboratory from a protein from a single colony of cells
Functions of the Lymphatic System
- To absorb excess interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream
- To remove foreign chemicals, cells, and debris from the tissues
- To absorb dietary lipids from the small intestine
