Lung Function Flashcards
Respiratory control center is where in the brain?
Medulla & pons
Inspiratory Capacity (IC) =
Tidal volume (Vt) + Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
Functional Residual Capacity (FVC) =
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)+ Residual Volume (RV)
Vital capacity (VC) =
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)+ Tidal volume (VT) + Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
Total Lung Capacity (TLC) =
Tidal volume (VT) + Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) + Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) + Residual Volume (RV)
Lung volumes can de recorded by ?
Spirometer
What is the the volume of gas exhaled in 1 sec by a forced expiration. from a full inspiration?
FEV 1
TOTAL volume of gas that can be exhaled after a full inspiration.
Vital capacity
What measurement reflects the rate of airflow ?
FEV 1
What measurement can be used to gauge whether the airway is narrowed - asthma ?
FEV 1
This measures the total volume of air you can blow out after a maximal inhalation
FVC = Forced Vital capacity
What measurement can be used as an independent measure of pulmonary function but it is also used in a ratio with FEV 1
FVC = Forced Vital capacity
The ratio of FEV1/FVC is a measure of ?
Potency (how open) of the airway
If FEV1/FVC is below 80% it suggest that?
The airway is constricted - Asthma
Name the disorder:
• A disorder which restricts the expansion of the lungs
• May be caused by stiffness of the lungs or chest wall, weakness of the
muscles or damaged nerves
Restrictive disorder
Name the disorder:
- A disorder in which the airways are narrowed
- Air is exhaled more slowly than normal
- Residual volume may be higher than normal
Obstructive disorder
Examples of Restrictive disorder
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Sarcoidosis (an autoimmune immune disease)
- Obesity
- Muscular dystrophy
Examples of Obstructive disorder
- Chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) including chronic bronchitis and emphysema
- Asthma
- Cystic fibrosis
- Make it more difficult to get air out of the lungs.
- Decrease FVC; Increased TLC, RV, and FRC
Are characteristics of what?
Obstructive Respiratory Diseases
- Makes it more difficult to get air into the lungs.
- They “restrict” inspiration.
- Decreased VC; Decreased TLC, RV, FRC
Are characteristics of what?
Restrictive Respiratory Diseases
A low FEV1/FVC ratio indicates an ?
Obstructive pattern
A normal FEV1/FVC ratio indicates ?
Either a restrictive or normal pattern
If the FEV1/FVC ratio is normal, a low forced vital capacity value indicates a ?
Restrictive pattern
Helium dilution is used to measure ?
Residual volume
When does pneumothorax occur?
When air enters the intrapleural space pneumothorax occurs and lung collapses
