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CARDIO - RESP BLOCK > Blood Development > Flashcards

Blood Development Flashcards

1
Q

Stages of blood vessels formation

A

Vasculogenesis

Angiogenesis

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2
Q

What causes blood vessels formation ?

A

Blood vessels form independently from the heart in response to hypoxia.

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3
Q

Define vasculogenesis

A

Creation of blood vessels

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4
Q

Define angiogenesis

A

Remodelling and pruning of vessels into a recognisable circulatory system

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5
Q

Creation of blood vessels

A

Vasculogenesis

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6
Q

Remodelling and pruning of vessels into a recognisable circulatory system

A

Angiogenesis

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7
Q

Explain steps of Vasculogenesis

A
  1. EXTRAEMBRYONIC VASCULOGENESIS
    Condensation of mesenchyme cells in extraembryonic tissues
  2. PRIMARY HEART FIELD CREATION
    Creation of blood islands around the embryo.
    Cardiogenic area creates Primary heart field
  3. Outer cells become blood vessels, inner cells the primitive/stem blood cells.
  4. FORMATION OF UMBILICAL VEINS
    FGF2 stimulates hemangioblast formation. Cords of hemangioblasts join up
    Form early vasculature: in response to VEGF. the umbilical veins
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8
Q

How does the Dorsal aorta form?

A

When primary heart field forms, also get a pair of longitudinal tubes closer to the midline from blood vessels: dorsal aortae.

Posterior sclerotome contributes to endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells for dorsal aorta

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9
Q

Endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells migrate to form dorsal aorta in response to what?

A

To signals from the primary dorsal aorta

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10
Q

The aortic sac (top of cardiac tube) develops branches which form?

A

The 6 AORTIC arches that supply the pharyngeal arches

Branches join on to the dorsal aortae

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11
Q

Derivative of branch I?

A

Disappears: maxillary

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12
Q

Derivative of branch II?

A

Disappears: Hyoid, stapedial

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13
Q

Derivative of branch III?

A

Common carotid

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14
Q

Derivative of branch IV ?

A

L: aorta arch R: R subclavian

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15
Q

Derivative of branch V?

A

Incomplete and regresses

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16
Q

Derivative of to branch VI?

A

Paulmonary arch: Ductus arteriosus +R pulmonary artery

17
Q

Which branch forms the Paulmonary arch: Ductus arteriosus +R pulmonary artery

A

Branch VI

18
Q

Which branch becomes Incomplete and regresses?

A

Branch V

19
Q

Which branch becomes on the L: aorta arch, and on the R: R subclavian

A

Branch IV

20
Q

Which branch develops the common carotid ?

A

Branch III

21
Q

Which branch Disappears: Hyoid, stapedial?

A

Branch II

22
Q

Which branch Disappears: maxillary?

A

Branch I

23
Q

What is Intraembryonic Vasculogenesis?

A

Intraembryonic blood vessel development

Organ capillaries form within organs from mesoderm

24
Q

What happens during Intraembryonic Vasculogenesis?

A

Organ capillaries form within organs from mesoderm

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) stimulates vessel formation and development.

Patterning is variable but not random- vessels grow out in response to signals.

25
Q

Name the process:

  • Organ capillaries form within organs from mesoderm
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) stimulates vessel formation and development.
  • Patterning is variable but not random- vessels grow out in response to signals.
A

Intraembryonic Vasculogenesis

26
Q

Function of VEGF?

A

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) stimulates vessel formation and development.

27
Q

Which factor stimulates vessel formation and development?

A

VEGF

28
Q

Initial blood cells are formed in ?

A

EXTRAEMBRYONIC tissues

29
Q

Definitive Hematopoietic stem cells arise from?

A

Aorta-Gonad-Mesoderm Area (AGM) mesoderm surrounding aorta and will colonise the liver.

30
Q

Liver makes fetal blood cells from?

A

2-7 months

31
Q

Stem cells colonise bone marrow at ?

A

7 months

32
Q

What happens during Angiogenesis?

A
  • Existing vessels “sprout”

* Only tip cells though. Induced by VEGF

33
Q

VEGF is induced by ?

Why?

A

Hypoxia

Fetal and tissue growth causes cells to need more oxygen, therefore they need that delivery of oxygen - hypoxia - VEGF is stimulated

Hypoxia indicated where there is growth and oxygen is needed

CARDIO - RESP BLOCK (13 decks)

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