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Year 3 > Lung cancer TC > Flashcards

Lung cancer TC Flashcards

1
Q

Name for a primary pleural cancer

A

mesothelioma

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2
Q

Cause of mesothelioma

A

asbestos

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3
Q

Two basic types of lung cancers

A

Small cell 24% and non small cell 76%

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4
Q

Commonest type of non small cell carcinoma

A

squamous 48%

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5
Q

small cell carcinoma look

A

Small cells, little cytoplasm, large nuclei, stain blue

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6
Q

What is stridor

A

Expiratory wheeze

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7
Q

Damage of the left mediastinum

A

left recurrent laryngeal nerve - horse voice

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8
Q

On CXR raised hemi diaphragm?

A

phrenic nerve damage

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9
Q

What does the position of the mediastinum tell you about the lung cancer?

A

If it is causing an effusion or a collapse

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10
Q

Describe pancoast syndrome

A

Look at clavicals - a supraclavicular fossa has filled in. May effect the brachial plexus.

May have Hornors syndrome - causes a small pupil

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11
Q

Superior vena caval obsturction symptoms

A

facial and hand sweating, worse in the mornings. Headaches

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12
Q

Hormone from squamous carcinomas

A

parathyroid hormone - high calcium

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13
Q

Hormones from small cell Cx

A

ACTH and ADH

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14
Q

Treatment of choice for small cell Cx

A

chemotherapy

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15
Q

Treatment of choice for non small cell

A

Surgery

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16
Q

Which type of lung cancer is most aggressive

A

Small cell

17
Q

Lung cancer differentials

A 
TB
2. Pneumonia
3. Lung metastases from other primary eg breast
4. Benign lung tumours
5. Rarities
egWegener’s granulomatosis
18
Q

Best investigation in 2/3rds of patients

A

fibroptic bronchoscopy

19
Q

Reasons why a patient might not be able to have surgery?

A

General issues
Respiratory fitness
Cardiovascular fitness

20
Q

Is the tumour good for surgery?

A

Staging CT scan and FDG-PET scan

21
Q

EGFR and lung cancer

A

Sample tumour, if Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor positive you can use specific chemo - gefitinib.

22
Q

Investigation to confirm or exclude intrathoracic lymph node mets?

A

PET scan

23
Q

How to determine if a person in suitable for a major operation?

A

Physical examination and resp function test

24
Q

treatment for small cell lung cancer

A

Chemotherapy and radiotherapy

25
Q

Vena cava impingement lung cancer type

A

small cell

26
Q

Commonest cause of hypercalcaemia

A

malignancy

27
Q

Three organs that normally cause tranudate?

A

Heart, liver, kidney

28
Q

Main difference between transudate and exudate?

A

Exudate has more protein, more LDH.

29
Q

Pleural effusion protein greater than 0.4

A

TB pleural effusion

30
Q

Pleural effusion protein 7-8g/dL

A

Think Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia and multiple myeloma

31
Q

Glucose less than 60 or less than half of serum indicates

A 
Rhumatoid pleurisy 
empyema 
malignancy 
Lupus 
Eosophageal rupture

Year 3 (26 decks)

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