Clotty boi

Question 1

Vitamin K dependant clotting factors

Answer 1

II, VII, IX and X.

Question 2

Treatment for vitamin K deficiency

Answer 2

phytomenadoine

Question 3

What is Haemophilia A and how is it inherited?

Answer 3

X-linked recessive, lack of factor VIII

Question 4

classes of haemophilia A

Answer 4

Three classes less than 1, 1-5 and 5+ (Levels of VII). Very severe disease, bleed into joints

Question 5

APTT and PT in haemophilia A

Answer 5

APTT increased, PT normal.

Question 6

Treatment for haemophilia A

Answer 6

Give factor VII

Question 7

What is haemophilia B

Answer 7

Lack of Factor IX, x-linked recessive

Question 8

Types of vW’s disease

Answer 8

Type one and 2 are mild forms, autosomal dominant. Type 3 is worse and recessively inherited

Question 9

Investigation findings in VW’s (APPT and PT)

Answer 9

Prolonged APTT, normal PT and decreased levels of VII and vWF

Question 10

Antiplatelets for arterial or venous clotting?

Answer 10

Arterial thrombosis

Question 11

What does heprin do in the clotting cascade?

Answer 11

Increase the effect of anti thrombin

Question 12

Which takes longer to work, wafarin or heparin?

Answer 12

Warfarin, so heparin is started first to overlap

Question 13

Mechanism of fondaparinux?

Answer 13

Inhibits factor x, similar to LWMH

Question 14

What is bivalirudin used in?

Answer 14

PCI

Question 15

What is used in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytoponia?

Answer 15

Lepirudin

Question 16

What type of drugs are ticagrelor and clopidogrel?

Answer 16

Antiplatelet

Question 17

Name a LWMH

Answer 17

Enoxaparin

Question 18

Anticoagulation for most cardiac things

Answer 18

Warfarin

Question 19

Warfarin and pregnancy

Answer 19

Do not use. Can use in breast feeding

Question 20

Thrombin inhibitor

Answer 20

dabigatran

Question 21

factor Xa inhibitors

Answer 21

rivaoxaban, apixaban, edoxaban

Question 22

What dissolves the fibrin clot physiologically?

Answer 22

plasminogen/plasmin

Question 23

If 50/50 clotting test corrects

Answer 23

Somethings was deficient in the patients blood

Question 24

If 50/50 clotting test doesn’t correct

Answer 24

There is an inhibitor in the patients blood

Question 25

Clotting factors that affect APTT

Answer 25

VIII, IX, XI, XII vWF

Question 26

How to test extrinsic pathway

Answer 26

Prothrombin time

Question 27

How to test intrinsic pathway

Answer 27

APTT

Question 28

Prolonged PT is caused by

Answer 28

Warfarin or VII (Also II, V, X)

Question 29

Prolonged APTT caused by

Answer 29

Heparin, VIII, IX, XI, XII

Question 30

If PT and APTT are increased

Answer 30

K+ diffiencey - Liver/ absoption
Heparin
FV or FX - rare

Question 31

Diagnostic triad of bleeding disorders

Answer 31

Personal history
Family history
Lab tests

Question 32

Amount of VIII needed in Haemophilia A

Answer 32

Rise needed x weight all over 2

Question 33

Amount of IX needed in haemophilia B

Answer 33

rise needed x weight

Question 34

Mild haemophilia A treatment

Answer 34

Desmopressin

Question 35

Types of vWD

Answer 35

Type 1 - reduced vW protein
Type 2 - Abnormal vW protein (IIB overactive)
Type 3 - little/no vW

Question 36

Tests for vWD

Answer 36

Factor VIII
vW antigen
vW activity

Question 37

ratio of vW activity:antigen for type 1 vWD

Answer 37

> 0.6

Question 38

Ratio of vW activity:Antigen for type 2 vWD

Answer 38

<0.6

Question 39

Drug to avoid in type 2b vWD

Answer 39

Desmopressin use vWF conc instead

Question 40

Virchow’s triad

Answer 40

Stasis of flow, hypercoagulation, epithelial damage

Question 41

What is HITT?

Answer 41

Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis

Question 42

PE ECG changes

Answer 42

S1Q3T3

Question 43

high dosage of LMWH for DVT risk

Answer 43

40mg, low risk 20mg

Question 44

Three thrombin inhibitors

Answer 44

Heparin, fondaparinux, bivalirudin

Question 45

LMWH adverse effect on electrolytes

Answer 45

Hyperkalaemia due to aldosterone