Colon cancer

Question 1

What are the top three malignancies in the UK?

Answer 1

Lung, Breast and colorectal

Question 2

What are the five causes of anal bleeding?

Answer 2

IBD, haemorrhoids, acute anal fissure, colorectal cancer, acute protitis

Question 3

What kind of anaemia does CRC cause?

Answer 3

microcytic anaemia

Question 4

What are the two staging systems of CRC?

Answer 4

TNM and dukes

Question 5

What type of gene is K ras?

Answer 5

Oncogene

Question 6

What type of gene is p-53

Answer 6

TSG

Question 7

What is the common first mutation in CRC?

Answer 7

APC

Question 8

What is HNPCC?

Answer 8

Hereatory non polyposis CRC, leads to mismatch repair mutation, MLH1 and MLH 2 being the most common

Question 9

HNPCC linked cancers - family history of

Answer 9

endometrial and urethral

Question 10

HNPCC criteria

Answer 10

AMSTERDAM CRITERIA

Question 11

Where are the majority of CRCs?

Answer 11

Rectum and sigmoid colon

Question 12

what gene is inherited that makes FAP 100% malignant when inherited?

Answer 12

APC

Question 13

Medical causes of acute abdomen

Answer 13

ketoacidosis, pneumonia and MI

Question 14

Renal colic differentials in over 50s

Answer 14

AAA

Question 15

Differentials of acute onselt acute abdomen

Answer 15

perforation of a viscus, rupture of an organ e.g AAA, torsion, acute pancreatitis and ruptured ectopic pregnancy

Question 16

Signs of bowel obstruction

Answer 16

Absolute constipation, vomiting and abdominal distension

Question 17

Signs of peritonitits

Answer 17

tenderness, guarding and rigidity on palpation

Question 18

Tinkling bowel sounds

Answer 18

Mechanical obstruction