Lung cancer

Question 0

Horner’s syndrome cause

and symptoms

Answer 0

Deficiency of sympathetic outflow from compression of sympathetic nerves by tumor. Not just lung tumor.

Causes ipsolateral Miosis, Ptosis, Enothalmus (displacement of eyeball), Anhidrosis

Question 1

Most common Lung cancer
In men?
In women?

Answer 1

Most common: Adenocarcinoma
In men: Squamous cell
In women: Adenocarcinoma

Question 2

What is Pancoast Tumor?

Symptoms?

Answer 2

Tumor in the pulmonary apex.
Compression of sympathetic ganglion causes Horner’s syndrome.
Compression of brachial plexus causes pain in arm and hand.
Compression of laryngeal nerve causes hoarse voice and cough.
Compression of superior vena cava causes SVC syndrome (facial swelling, cyanosis).

Question 3

TNM staging: lymph node location and N#

Answer 3

N1: hiler, interlobar
N2: mediastinal or aortic
N3: supraclavicular, sternal notch, lower cervical

the more medial and the higher, the worse

Question 4

VEGF regulates what?

Answer 4

Angiogenesis

VEG binds to capillary endothelial cell receptors

Avastin (drug name)

Question 5

Small Cell Lung Cancer
first line
second line drugs

Answer 5

first: etoposide + cisplatin
second: topotecan + pacitaxel

Question 6

Paraneoplastic syndromes from lung cancer

Answer 6

squamous cell: parathyroid hormone-related peptide
small cell: SIADH
small cell: ectopic ACTH
small cell: peripheral neuropathy
non-small cell: digital clubbing
adenocarcinoma: hypertrophic palm osteoarthropathy