Hypertension

Question 0

LDL value for hypertension

Answer 0

> 130mg/dL

Question 1

Homocysteine checks for what

Answer 1

Coronary artery disease >10umol/L

Folate & B12 deficiency

Homocysteine is the intermediate of the synthesis of cysteine from methionine

Question 2

Renalvascular hypertension is caused by?

Answer 2

80% from atheroslcerosis of at least 70% of the artery, other causes include trauma.

Decreased GFR causes release of renin

Question 3

Why is captopril used to test for renovascular hypertension?

Answer 3

Captopril is a ACE inhibitor, which causes the affected artery to narrow, thus it can be imaged using dopper, MRI, CT. Renin release is also increased, which can be measured.

not recommended when filtration rate <60mL/min

Question 4

What is pheochromocytoma?

Answer 4

Adrenal tumor that causes release of catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine)

Question 5

Screenining method pheochromocytoma

Answer 5

24hr serum or urine metanephrines and creatine

metanephrines are:
vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA)

Question 6

Screening for Primary aldosteronism (Cushing’s)

Answer 6

spontaneous hypokalemia (<3.5mmol/L)

Question 7

Why does ACEI cause hyperkalemia?

Answer 7

It reduces aldosterone, which is responsible for excretion of potassium

Question 8

Combinations of antihypertensive drugs usually not recommended

Answer 8

ACEI or ARB +Bblocker

ACEI+ARB