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RTT Patient Care > Lung Cancer > Flashcards

Lung Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What percent of lung cancer is caused by smoking?

A

87%

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2
Q

What are the two major types of lung cancer?

A
  1. Non-small cell
  2. Small cell
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3
Q

Non-small cell cancer percent

A

75% - 80%

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4
Q

What are the 3 subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer and their percentages

A
  1. Squamous cell 30%
  2. Adenocarcinoma 40%
  3. Large cell 15%
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5
Q

Small cell cancer percent

A

20% - 25%

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6
Q

The lungs consist of ___ lobes, ___ in the right lung and ___ in the left lung

A

5
3
2

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7
Q

The main cell type in the lungs are

A

epithelial cell

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8
Q

What do epithelial cells do

A

Produce mucous that lubricates and protects the lungs

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9
Q

What is the lungs main function

A

Allow oxygen to enter the bloodstream for delivery to the rest of the body

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10
Q

Most people who develop lung cancer today have either (2)

A
  1. Stopped smoking years ago
  2. Never smoked
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11
Q

What are risk factors for lung cancer (7)

A
  1. Asbestos
  2. Chromium
  3. Nickel
  4. Radon
  5. Arsenic
  6. Soot
  7. Tar
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12
Q

Lung cancer symptoms (7)

A
  1. Fatigue
  2. Cough
  3. Short breath
  4. Chest pain
  5. Appetite loss
  6. Pglehum
  7. Hemoptysis (coughing blood)
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13
Q

___% die in the first year, ___% die within 2 years.

A

60, 70

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14
Q

Because almost all patients will have a tumor in the lung, a ___ or
___ of the chest is performed

A

chest x-ray, CT scan

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15
Q

The diagnosis must be confirmed with a ___.

A

Biopsy

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16
Q

The location(s) of all sites of cancer is determined by additional ___ , ___ and ___

A

CT scans, PET scans, and MRI

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17
Q

Treatment depends on the ___ and ___ of lung cancer

A

Stage, type

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18
Q

Common lung caner treatmetns include (4)

A
  1. Surgery
  2. Radiation therapy
  3. Chemo therapy
  4. Targeted therapy
19
Q

Lung cancer is normally treated with a ___ of therapies

A

Combination

20
Q

The ___and the ___ ___ in the chest are typically
removed to offer the best chance for cure

A

Tumor, lymph nodes

21
Q

For non-small cell lung cancer, a ___ has shown to be most effective.

A

lobectomy (removal of the entire lobe
where the tumor is located)

22
Q

What is a Pneumonectomy

A

Removal of entire lung (left or right)

23
Q

When is a Pneumonectomy perfomed

A

only performed if there is a high chance of a cure and if patient is in good
enough health to live with only one lung

24
Q

Usual dose for a primary lung cancer is ___ cGy.

A

4000-6000

25
Q

Side effects of radiaiton therapy treatment on lungs (5)

A
  1. Fatigue
  2. Malaise
  3. Loss of appetite
  4. esophagitis
  5. Skin irritation
26
Q

Radiation pneumonitis is the irritation and inflammation of the lung;
occurs in __% of patients

A

15%

27
Q

The most common type of lung cancer type is

A

Small-cell

28
Q

____ cell is the most common pathology for small-cell cancer

A

Squamous

29
Q

Regardless of stage, ___provides the best chance of long-term
disease-free survival and cure.

A

Surgery

30
Q

80% of patients with NSCLC will have __Treatment Type__

A

Chemo

31
Q

Stage 1 Non-small cell lung cancer is located in the ___

A

Lung

32
Q

Stage 1 Non-small cell lung cancer treatments (2)

A
  1. Surgically removed
  2. Radaition and chemo (maybe used after surgery)
33
Q

Stage II Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer has spread to

A

Lymph nodes in the lung

34
Q

Stage 2 Non-small cell lung cancer treatments (2)

A
  1. Chemo recomended
  2. Radiaiton (sometimes)
35
Q

Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer has spread to

A

The lymph nodes located in the center
of the chest, and outside the lung

36
Q

Stage IIIA cancer has spread to

A

lymph nodes in the chest, on the
same side where the cancer
originated

37
Q

Stage III and IIIA Non-small cell lung cancer treatments (2)

A
  1. Chemo
  2. Radiation
    Both recomended
38
Q

Stage IIIB cancer has spread to

A

lymph nodes on the opposite side
of the chest

39
Q

Stage IIIB Non-small cell lung cancer main treatment

A
  1. Chemo (main)
40
Q

Patients with limited stage (confined to one area) are treated with

A

Both Radiation and chemo

41
Q

Patients with extensive stage (not confined to one area) are treated with

A

Chemo only

42
Q

Why is radiation therapy given to the brain for non-small cell cancer

A

Because it can spread to the brain

43
Q

Most common risk factor of mesothelioma

A

Abestos

44
Q

Mesothelioma symptoms

A
  1. Pain
  2. Short breath
  3. Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)

RTT Patient Care (24 decks)

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