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Fall-Anatomy Year 1 > Lumbosacral Plexus > Flashcards

Lumbosacral Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

lower limbs

function

A

support body weight
locomotion
maintain balance

extend from the trunk

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2
Q

gluteal region

A

transition b/t trunk and free lower limb

buttocks + hip region

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3
Q

leg region

aka crus

A

b/t knee and ankle

‘leg’ NOT THE SAME as lower limb

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4
Q

hip major movements

A

ball and socket joint

-flex/extend
-adduct/abduct
-medial/lateral rotate
-circumduct (just a combo of other moves)

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5
Q

knee movements

A

hinge joint
flex/extend

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6
Q

ankle movements

A

hinge joint
-plantarflex (point foot)
-dorsiflex (flex foot)

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7
Q

if muscle crosses joint

then what

A

it will move that joint BC
by definition crossing means it will have an origin proximal and insertion distal

werning rule

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8
Q

fascile direction

Werning rule

A

muscle will shorten/contract in direction of long axis fascicles

insertion is pulled TOWARD origin = move joint so action

if fascicles go 1+ direction then more than 1 action

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9
Q

origin/insertion in limb muscles

Werning rule

A

origin will be more medial than the insertion

except it limb-trunk muscle and spine/neck muscles then origin inferior to insertion

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10
Q

naming

Werning rule

A

if named for origin and insertion then origin is ALWAYS first

otherwise named for shape or action

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11
Q

how to injure a joint

A
  1. move in wrong direction
  2. move too far in right direction
  3. disconnect the bones via torn ligaments or break bones
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12
Q

how to injure muscle that moves joint

A
  1. trauma so injure muscle tissue directly
  2. disconnect muscle from bones via torn ligaments or break bones
  3. cut off blood supply
  4. paralyze via injure nerve supply
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13
Q

parts of lumbosacral plexus

A
  1. lumbar (T12-S4) deep to psoas
  2. sacral (L4-S4) superficial to piriformis
  3. coccygeal (S4-Co1)

overlap at L4 of lumbosacral trunk

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14
Q

LSP function

A
  1. provide motor and cutaneous innervatino to lower limb
  2. carry postganglionic symp fibers that regulate vasoactivity of lower limb vessels
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15
Q

blood supply of LSP

A

from internal iliac and it’s branches
-lateral sacral, iliolumbar, superior gluteal

makes lumbar plexus resistant to ischemia bc roots run through psoas major so very well vascularized

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16
Q

anterior divisons actions

A

flexion and abduction

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17
Q

posterior division actions

A

extension and adduction

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18
Q

roots of LSP

A

ventral primary rami of T12-S4

ignoring coccygeal

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19
Q

divisions of LSP

A

T12-L1 no divisions
L2-S4 each have anterior and posterior

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20
Q

pre-torsion embryology

A

dorsal mass inn by posterior divisions > extensor and abductor muscles

ventral mass inn by anterior divisions > flexor and adduction muscles

21
Q

post-torsion divisions

A

posterior divisions + extensor muscles are ANTERIOR

anterior divisions + flexor muscles on POSTERIOR side of adult free lower limb

22
Q

big 4 motor nerves

A

1.femoral (post divs of L24)
2.obturator (ant divs of L2-4)
————–
3.common fibular/peroneal (post divs L4-S2)
4.tibial (ant divs L4-S3)
*will run together in gluteal and posterior thigh regions as sciatic N

23
Q

superficial thigh inn

superior to F/O N

A

lateral femoral cutaneous N
(post divs L2-L3)

up one from F/O

24
Q

inguinal region inn

superior to F/O N

A
  1. iliolinguinal L1
  2. genitofemoral (L1-L2)

up two from F/O

no divisions

25
Q

body wall inn

superior to F/O N

A
  1. subcostal T12
  2. iliohypogastric L1

up 3 from F/O

26
Q

between F/O and T/CF

A

gluteal nerves
1. superior gluteal (post divs L4-S1)
2. inferior gluteal (post divs L5-S2)

27
Q

superficial thigh inn

inferior to T/CF

A
  1. posterior femoral cutaneous (ant and post divs of S1-3)
28
Q

perineum inn

inferior to T/CF

A

pudendal (ant divs of S2-4)

29
Q

pelvis inn

inferior to T/CF

A

nerves of coccygeal plexus

30
Q

LSP symmetry pattern

A
  1. nerve to perineum
  2. a femoral cutaneous N
  3. 2 big motor nerves (both sides post + ant)
  4. a gluteal N (both sides post)

repeat 4-1 inferiorly

31
Q

smaller branches of LSP

A
  1. direct to psoas major (L1-3 ventral rami)
  2. N to quadratus femoris (ant div L4-S1)
  3. N to obturator internus (ant div L5-S2)
  4. N to piriformis (post div S1-2)
32
Q

pelvic outlet route

A

for digestive, urinary, most reprod organs

33
Q

over pelvic rim/inguinal lig route

A

for few LSP nerves and spermatic cord

34
Q

spaces route

A

for arteries, veins, lymphatics, most LSP nerves

aka obturator foramen/canal, sciatic foramina, and retroinguinal spaces

35
Q

paired sacral foramina route

A

for dorsal rami of sacral spinal nerves and branches of lateral sacral A

36
Q

superior to pelvic rim/inguinal ligament

nerves

A
  1. subcostal T12
  2. iliohypogastric L1
    lateral and anterior body wall
37
Q

inguinal canal

nerves

A
  1. ilioinguinal L1
  2. genital branch genitofemoral L1-2
    anterior body wall and perineum
38
Q

retroinguinal space

nerves

A

superior space:lateral and anterior thigh
1. lateral femoral cut. L2-3
2. femoral N L2-4

inferior space: anterior thigh
1. femoral of genitofemoral L1-2

39
Q

obturator canal

nerves

A
  1. obturator N L2-4

medial thigh

40
Q

greater sciatic foramen- above piriformis

nerves

A
  1. superior gluteal L4-S1

gluteal region

41
Q

greater sciatic foramen below piriformis

nerves

A
  1. inferior gluteal L5-S2
    gluteal region
  2. sciatic N with common fibular (L4-S2) + tibial (L4-S3)
    posterior thigh + leg + foot
  3. posterior femoral cut. S1-S3
    posterior thigh
  4. pudendal S2-4
    as exits pelvis
42
Q

lesser sciatic foramen

nerves

A
  1. pudendal S2-4
    as enter the perineum
43
Q

obturator N

A

ANT DIV-exits pelvis anteromedially

hip adductors
-og on pubis

medial compartment thigh

44
Q

femoral N

A

POST DIV-exit pelvis anterolateral

hip flexors and knee extensors
-og from ant surfaces of ilium or femur

anterior compartment thigh

45
Q

tibial N

A

ANT DIV-exit pelvis posteromedial

knee flexors and lateral hip rotators
-og from ischium
-posterior thigh compartment or deep gluteal
OR
knee flexor, ankle plantarflexor, foot everters, toe flexor
-posterior and lateral leg and plantar foot compartments

46
Q

common fibular and gluteal N

A

POST DIV- exit posterolateral

hip extensors, hip abductors, hip medial rotators
-og from posterior and lateral surfaces of ilium
-superficial gluteal region and lateral hip
OR
ankle dorsiflexors, foot inverters, toe extensors
-anterior leg and dorsal foot regions

47
Q

upper root plexopathies

A

reflect femoral and obturator N symptoms

48
Q

lower root plexopathies

A

reflect common fibular/gluteal and tibial/lateral rotator symptoms

Fall-Anatomy Year 1 (17 decks)

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