Abdominal Wall Flashcards
quadrants
cross sections
right lower
right upper
left lower
left upper
regions
sagittal and horizontal
R hypochondriac>epigastric> L hypochondriac
R lumbar > umbilical > L lumbar
R iliac > hypogastric > L iliac
bones of pelvis
ilium
ischium
pubis
boundaries of abdominal cavity
costal arch (rib 6-10) + xyphoid process
to
iliac crest + inguinal ligament
inguinal ligament
from ASIS to pubic tubercule
function of abdominal wall
protect/stabilize contents
trunk rotation and flexion
maintain/control intra-ab pressure (parturition/defacation)
respiration
layers of anterior abdominal wall
skin
subcutaneous fascia
muscular layers w/aponeurotic fascia
transversalis fascia
peritoneum (parietal)
subcutaneous = campers (fat) and scarpas (thin serous fascia)
superficial fascia layers
campers = adipose with cutaneous nerves and blood vessels
scarpas= deep to campers, becomes dartos in scrotum and colles in perineum
external oblique
most superficial
fibers run down to center “hands in pockets”
external oblique O and I
ribs 5-12
to
linea alba + pubic tubercule + ant half iliac crest
internal oblique
deep to external oblique
fibers run up to center “hands in gloves”
internal oblique
O and I
thoracolumbar fascia + 2/3 iliac crest + lateral 1/2 inguinal lig
to
inferior rib 10-12 + linea alba + pecten pubis (conjoint tendon)
rectus abdominis
stereotypical abs
separated by tendonus intersections
deep to external aponeurosis
rectus abdominis
O and I
pubic symphysis + pubic crest
to
xyphoid process + ribs 5-7
transversus abdominis
TA
deepest muscle
fibers wrap back to front
transversus abdominis
O and I
ribs 7-12 internally + TL fascia + iliac crest + lateral 1/3 inguinal lig
to
linea alba w/ aponeurosis of internal oblique +
pubic crest + pecten pubis (conjoint tendon)
rectus sheath
contents
aponeuroses of:
external + internal + transversus
surround rectus abdominus
arcuate line
horizontal line dividing posterior layer of rectus sheath (inside of ab wall)
below arculate line
all the aponeuroses in rectus sheath go above/in front (rather than split)
behind left less protected bc only thin fascia and perioteum = hernias
layers of abdominal wall
order
- epidermis/skin
- camper’s fascia/fat
- scarpa’s fascia
- external oblique
- internal oblique
- rectus abdominus
- transversus abdominis
- transversalis fascia
- parietal peritoneum
internal oblique and rectus at same level
innervation
- intercostal nerves > thoracoabdominal when cross costal cartilage
- lateral cutaneous branch
- anterior cutaneous branch
- iliohypograstric
- ilioinguinal
lateral and anterior cutaneous
muscles and skin b/t iliac crest and umbilicus
from T12
iliohypogastric
nerve
from L1
skin over iliac crest/upper inguinal and hypogastric region/internal oblique/transverse abdominis
runs too low to innervate external oblique
ilioinguinal
from L1
skin of scrotum or labia majus/mons pubis + adj thigh regions + most inferior internal oblique and transversus
