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Musculoskeletal > Lumbar spine > Flashcards

Lumbar spine Flashcards

1
Q

definition: connect vertebral bodies to the facet joints

A

pedicles

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2
Q

definition: absorbs forces from the spinous and articular processes

A

laminae

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3
Q

definition: connects the lamina and the pedicle

A

pars interarticularis

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4
Q

What surrounds the nucleus pulposus?

A

annulus fibrosis

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5
Q

The annulus fibrosis is 10-20 concentric rings of ____ collagen bound together by gel.

A

type 1

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6
Q

The annulus fibrosis resists ____ forces.

A

torsional

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7
Q

Annulus fibrosis is thinner ___ and is predisposed to injury.

A

posteriorly

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8
Q

What primarily makes up the nucleus pulposus?

A

water (80% at birth, 68% in the elderly)

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9
Q

The nucleus puplosus is made up of ___ collagen.

A

type ii

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10
Q

definition: hyaline and fibrocartilage which separates the disc from the bone of the vertebral body

A

vertebral endplates

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11
Q

The vertebral end plates are more firmly attached to the (IV disc/vertebral bodies)

A

IV discs

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12
Q

(true/false) vertebral end plates become thinner during aging.

A

true

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13
Q

What is a common fracture site in the lower t-spine and upper L-spine?

A

vertebral end plates

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14
Q

Facet joints protect against what?

A

anterior/shear forces
excessive ROT
excessive FLX

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15
Q

Facet joints are mostly oriented in the __ plane.

A

coronal plane

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16
Q

What does the ALL resist?

A

excessive EXT
anterior translation of vertebral segment

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17
Q

The ALL connects loosely to the IV disc via ____ tissue.

A

loose areolar tissue

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18
Q

The PLL is (thinner/thicker) than the ALL.

A

thinner

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19
Q

What does the PLL protect against?

A

posterior IV disc protrusion
hyperflexion

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20
Q

(true/false) The PLL does NOT connect to the IV discs.

A

false (it does)

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21
Q

What is the ligamentum flavum comprised of?

A

elastin (80%)
collagen (20%)

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22
Q

What forms the anterior capsule of the facet joint?

A

ligamentum flavum

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23
Q

Ligamentum flavum can be disrupted with _____ injuries/issues

A

facet joint

24
Q

What does the ligamentum flavum resist?

A

separation of the lamina during FLX

25
(true/false) the ligamentum flavum connects to the IV discs
true
26
What ligament of the spine is most susceptible to sprains?
supraspinous ligament
27
Origin of iliolumbar ligament
TP of L5
28
insertion of iliolumbar ligament.
inner lip of iliac crest
29
What does the iliolumbar ligament restrain?
L5/S1 FLX/EXT, ROT, and SB
30
What are the attachment sites of the QL?
- 12th rib - L1-L4 TPs - iliolumbar ligament - iliac crest
31
Action of the QL.
stabilizes 12th rib during inspiration controls contralateral lumbar SB
32
INNV of QL
ventral rami T12-L2
33
What is the largest intrinsic back muscle?
multifidus
34
action of multifidus
intrinsic spinal stabilization
35
MRIs of patients with LBP have shown atrophy of the ____ at the injured segments.
multifidi
36
INNV of erector spinae
dorsal rami
37
origin of rectus abdominis
end of ribs 5-7 xiphoid process
38
insertion of rectus abdominis
superior aspect of pubic bone
39
action of rectus abdominis
FLX and anterior stabilization of lumbar spine
40
INNV of rectus abdominis
thoracoabdominal nerves
41
What is the deepest abdominal muscle?
transverse abdominis
42
origin of transverse abdominis.
lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament anterior 2/3 of iliac crest thoracolumbar fascia CC of ribs 7-12
43
insertion of transverse abdominis
linea alba IO aponeurosis pubic crest pectineal line of pubis
44
INNV of transverse abdominis
Lower 5 intercostal nerves subcostal nerve
45
origin of IO
lateral 2/3 of inguinal lilgament anterior 2/3 of iliac crest thoracolumbar fascia
46
insertion of IO
ribs 9-12 abdominal aponeurosis of linea alba pubic crest
47
action of IO
Ipsilateral SB Bilateral FLX
48
INNV of IO
ventral rami of intercostal nerves T7-T11 ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
49
origin of EO
lateral aspect of ribs 5-12
50
insertion of EO
linea alba pubic tubercle ASIS inguinal ligament
51
action of EO
ipsilateral SB bilateral FLX bilateral posterior pelvic tilt
52
What muscle combines with the iliacus to attach the lumbar spine to the lesser trochanter?
psoas major
53
origin of psoas major
anterolateral vertebral bodies T12-L5 IV discs L1-L5 TPs
54
insertion of psoas major
lesser trochanter
55
Action of psoas major
trunk FLX (when femur is fixed) Hip FLX (when trunk is fixed) ipsilateral SB eccentric control while striding
56
INNV of psoas major
L1/L2 ventral rami
57
INNV of EO
lower 6 thoracoabdominal ventral branches subcostal nerve

Musculoskeletal (23 decks)

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