Foundational concepts of synovial joints and tissue types

Question 1

What are contractile tissues?

Answer 1

• muscle belly
• Tendons

Question 2

What are non-contractile tissues?

Answer 2

• joint capsules
• ligaments
• nerve sheathes
• dura mater
• cartilage
• bursa

Question 3

(true/false) There is some mobility within a joint capsule even though it is classified as non-contractile tissue.

Answer 3

true

Question 4

Definition: Pt can perform 100% of the movement

Answer 4

AROM

Question 5

Definition: Therapist performs 100% of the movement and the patient is relaxed

Answer 5

PROM

Question 6

What form of ROM do you assess end-feels of a joint?

Answer 6

PROM

Question 7

What form of end-feel has a firm barrier with a little spring?

Answer 7

Capsular

Question 8

What is an example of a capsular end-feel?

Answer 8

Forearm supination

Question 9

What form of end-feel has tension within the muscle?

Answer 9

Muscle stretch

Question 10

What is an example of a muscle stretch end-feel?

Answer 10

Hip FLX with knee straight (SLR)

Question 11

Knee flexion is an example of a ____ end-feel.

Answer 11

soft tissue approximation

Question 12

Pain is often present with a ___ end-feel.

Answer 12

spasm

Question 13

The latissimus dorsi guarding during shoulder FLX PROM is an example of a ____ end-feel

Answer 13

spasm

Question 14

An end-feel where there is pain BEFORE the true end-feel.

Answer 14

empty

Question 15

End-range elbow EXT is an example of a ___ end-feel

Answer 15

bony

Question 16

What are the different types of passive movements?

Answer 16

compression, gliding, distraction

Question 17

Distraction is (perpendicular/parallel) to the joint surface.

Answer 17

perpendicular

Question 18

Gliding is (perpendicular/parallel) to the joint surface

Answer 18

parallel

Question 19

Definition: wave-like motions during passive movements

Answer 19

oscillations

Question 20

Open packed position has (minimal/maximal) contact between the articulating structures.

Answer 20

minimal

Question 21

What joint position is often referred to as the Loose Packed position?

Answer 21

OPP

Question 22

Closed packed position has (minimal/maximal) contact between the articulating structures.

Answer 22

maximal

Question 23

Definition: unique pattern of capsular tightening associated with immobility resulting from trauma and/or pathology

Answer 23

capsular pattern

Question 24

(true/false) Each synovial joint has the same capsular pattern

Answer 24

FALSE!

Question 25

How are capsular patterns assessed?

Answer 25

PROM and joint assessment

Question 26

Glenohumeral joint ___ > ___> ___.

Answer 26

ER, ABD, IR

Question 27

Definition: ISOMETRIC resistance that is applied to the limb in a NEUTRAL position to assesses the integrity of the muscle belly, tendon, and tendinous attachments.

Answer 27

contractile testing

Question 28

What is the result of contractile testing for normal muscle?

Answer 28

No pain and Strong resistance

Question 29

What is the result of contractile testing for a minor lesion such as tendinitis?

Answer 29

Painful but strong resistance

Question 30

What is the result of contractile testing for a major lesion?

Answer 30

Painful and weak resistance (3+/5 to 4/5)

Question 31

What is the result of a contractile test for a complete rupture and/or neurological disorder/lesion?

Answer 31

Pain free but weak resistance