LT9 - Nomenclature and grading of cancer

Question 1

Benign

Answer 1

-OMA

Question 2

malignant

Answer 2

-SARCOMA

Question 3

Fat

Answer 3

Lipo

Question 4

Bone

Answer 4

osteo

Question 5

fibrous

Answer 5

fibr

Question 6

cartilage

Answer 6

chondro

Question 7

bloodvessels

Answer 7

hemangio

Question 8

muscle

Answer 8

leiomyo

Question 9

leiomyoma vs leiomyosarcoma

Answer 9

nicely organized cells vs not organized cells

Question 10

Benign + glandular epithelial tumors

Answer 10

• adenoma

- sometimes papilloma or cystadenoma

Question 11

Malignant epithelial tumors

Answer 11

• Carcinoma

Question 12

Benign melanocytes

Answer 12

nevus (moedervlek)

Question 13

malignant melanocytes

Answer 13

melanoma

Question 14

malignant testicular epithelium tumor

Answer 14

seminoma

Question 15

totipotent cells in testis and ovaries

Answer 15

form a teratoma (everything you can find in here, like teeth)

Question 16

Benign tumor in salivary gland (+why is it hard to remove this tumor)

Answer 16

pleiomorphic adenoma –> nerves (facial nerve) go through this glad so its hard to remove

Question 17

What grading system is used for renal cell carcinoma/ Gravitz tumor

Answer 17

Fuhrman grading system

Question 18

What grading system is used for gleason scoring system

Answer 18

prostate cancer

Question 19

G0 phase

Answer 19

cells are in rest

Question 20

G1 M-phase

Answer 20

Cells are proliferating

Question 21

KI-67

Answer 21

only present in proliferating phase (G1 M-phase), so its a high grade tumor

Question 22

HER1

Answer 22

= EFGR = growth factor

Question 23

PDL1

Answer 23

Makes tumor cells invisible for T-cells (=tolerance)