LP5: Elimination Needs Flashcards
What is the Elimination Pattern?
Describes the patterns or excretory function (bowel,bladder, and skin)
Includes use of meds and assistive devices.
What is the Physiology of Urinary Elimination?
-Kidneys
-Ureters
-Bladder
-Urethra
-Pelvic floor
What are the Normal Patterns of Elimination?
The kidneys produce urine; the rest of the urinary system serves as a drainage system.
Normal Urethra Size
Females: 3-5cm long
Males: approx. 20cm long
What is the normal capacity of the bladder?
300-600mL
What is the normal daily fluid intake?
1500-2500mL/day
What is Nocturnal Enuresis?
Involuntary voiding during sleep
What is the normal urine output?
60mL/hr; Less than 30mL/hr could indicate kidney shutdown.
What are factors that affect urinary elimination?
-Age (older/younger)
-Diet (Diuretics; coffee, tea, dark sodas. Alcohol)
-Medications (May cause urine retention)
What color is normal urine?
Straw, amber.
What color is abnormal urine?
_Dark amber- concentrated
-Pink, bright red, rusry brown (blood)
How is disability associated with urinary incontinence?
Relatde to inability to access bathroom on time secondary to impaired mobility.
What is Stress Incontinence?
Related to weak pelvic floor muscles secondary to childbirth.
What is Overflow Incontinence?
Related to bladder outlet obstuction secondary to medications.
Retention
What does CAUTI stand for?
Catherer- Associated Urinary Tract Infection
What id Oliguria?
Not enough urine
What is the structure of the GI Tract?
-Mouth
-Esophagus
-Stomach
-Small intenstine
-Large intestine
-Rectum
-Anus
What are factors that affect fecal elimination?
-Development
-Diet
-Activity
-Psychogenic
-Habits
-Medications
-Dignostic procedures
-Anesthesia and surgeries
-Pathological conditions
-Pain
What is an Ostomy?
An opening for the GI, urinary or respiratory tract onto the skin.
What are the different types of ostomies?
-Gatrostomy
-Jejunostomy
-Ileostomy
-Colostomy
What is the normal auscultation of BMs?
High-pitched, gurgling, occur irregular.
1-4 sounds in 20 seconds
What is a hypoactive or absent BM sound?
Paralytic ileus or peritonitis; hypoactive 1st 24hrs post-op.
-Absent: 0 sounds within 5 minutes
-Hypoactive: 0 sounds heard in 20 seconds. Continue to listen until bowel sound is heard.
What is a hyperctive BM sound?
High-pitched, rushing, tinkling sounds; diarrhea or early intestinal obstruction.
> 4 sound in 20 seconds.
What is Borborygmus?
A type of hyperactive bowel sound. Also known as stomach growling.
What is the abdominal discomfort of Appendicitis?
Sharp pain in the RLQ
What is the abdominal discomfort of Cholecystitis?
Sudden pain in the RUQ after eating fatty foods.
What is the abdominal discomfort of Gastric Ulcers?
Dull, aching, gnawing epigastric pain.
What is the abdominal discomrt of Pancreatitis?
Acute, boring midepigastric pain radiating to the back.
