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Nursing Fundamentals > LP14: Oxygenation > Flashcards

LP14: Oxygenation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Structure of the Respiratory System?

A

-Upper respiratory system (above the throat)
-Lower respiratory system (below the throat)

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2
Q

What is Pulmonary Ventilation?

A

The process of breathing

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3
Q

What is Alveolar Gas Exchange?

A

-Diffusion (The movement of gasses)

-Oxygen is good gass
-Carbon dioxyde is bad gas

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4
Q

What is the function of Hemoglobin in the RBCs?

A

It carries and transports oxygen and carbon dioxide.

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5
Q

What part of the brain regulates Respirations?

A

The medulla oblongata

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6
Q

Administering too much of what can cause the COPD client to stop breathing?

A

Oxygen

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7
Q

What factors affect respiratory function?

A

-Age
-Environment
-Lifestyle
-Health status
-Medications
-Stress

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8
Q

At what age do the lungs reach their full inflation?

A

2 weeks of age

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9
Q

What are the conditions that affect the airways?

A

-Upper airway obstruction of a foreign object, tongue or secretions in the nose, pharynx, or larynx

-Lower airway obstruction or mucous or inflammation in the lungs or bronchi

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10
Q

What is a Partial Obstuction?

A

Low-pitch snoring during inhalation

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11
Q

What is a Complete Obstruction?

A

Inability to cough or speak.

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12
Q

What is Stridor?

A

Harsh, high-pitched sound on inspiration.

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13
Q

What are ADVENTITIOUS breath sounds?

A

Abnormal breath sounds

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14
Q

What are the Conditions that affect the movement of air?

A

-Tachypnea
-Bradypnea
-Apnea
-Hypoventilation
-Hyperventilation

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15
Q

What is Tachypnea?

A

Rapid respirations
Seen with fevers, metabolic acidosis, pain, and hypoxemia.

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16
Q

What is Bradypnea?

A

Abnormally slow respiration rate, may be caused by drugs (opioids), metabolic alkalosis, increased intracranial pressure (brain injuries).

17
Q

What is Apnea?

A

The absence of breathing

18
Q

What is Eupnea?

A

Normal breathing

19
Q

What is Hypoventilation?

A

Slow or shallow breathing, or both.

Caused by diseases of the resp. muscles, drugs or anesthesia. Can lead to HYPERCAPNIA.

20
Q

What is Hypercapnia?

A

Too much carbon dioxide. May cause brain damage.

21
Q

What is Hyperventilation?

A

Increased rate and depth of resp. caused by stress and anxiety.

22
Q

What is Kassmaul’s breathing?

A

When the body tries to blow off acid.

“Dog-like breathing”

23
Q

What are Cheyne-Stroke respirations?

A

Rhythmic waxing/waning of resp., deep or shallow with short apnea.

Caused by chronic disease, and drug overdose.

24
Q

What are Biot’s Respirations?

A

Shallow breaths interrupted by apnea.

Seen with CNS disorders.

25
Q

What is Orthopnea?

A

Inability to breathe easily unless sitting upright or standing.

26
Q

What is Dyspnea?

A

Difficulty breathing/ SOB

27
Q

What is Hypoxemia?

A

Low oxygen in the nlood.

-Pulm. edema
-low hemoglobin
-atelectasis

28
Q

What is Hypoxia?

A

Insufficient oxygen anywhere in the body.

29
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Hypoxia?

A

-Rapid pulse
-Rapid, shallow resp. and dyspea
-Increased restlessness or lightheadedness
-Flaring of nares
-Substernal or intercostal retractions
-Cyanosis

30
Q

How can Respiratory Functioning be facilitated?

A

Encourage deep breathing and coughing.

-Pursed-lip breathing
-Normal forceful coughing
-Huff cough for COPD clients

31
Q

What does Expectorate mean?

A

To spit out

32
Q

How does Pursed-Lip breathing work?

A

Breathing in through the nose, breathing out through the mouth.

33
Q

What is Huff cough?

A

When patients take in deep breaths then cough 3 times

34
Q

How does hydration interact with oxygination?

A

Increase fluid intake to thin secretions. Humidifiers are used to moist resp. mucous membranes.

35
Q

What medications can be used for clients with oxygenation problems?

A

-Bronchodilators (dilates airways)
-Anti-inflammatory drugs
-Expectorants

B&A increase PR

36
Q

Why is Oxygen therapy used?

A

To determine effectiveness.

*Check VS
*Pulse oxymetry

37
Q

What types of oxygen therapy can be used?

A

-Portable systems (cylinders or tanks)
-Wall outlets

38
Q

What are the 3 types of oxygen?

A

-Dry (cylinder or wall outlet)
-Liquid
-Oxygen concentration

39
Q

What are the oxygen delivery systems?

A

-Cannula
-Face mask
-Face tent
-Transtracheal catheter
-Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP)

Nursing Fundamentals (14 decks)

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