lower respiratory tract infections 2

Question 1

A clinical dx characterized by lower airway inflammation, usually presenting with cough with or without sputum production, absence of fever and tachypnea, lasting >5 days typically following a URI. Noted only in the absence of asthma or COPD

Answer 1

Acute bronchitis

Question 2

What is the most common cause of acute bronchitis?

Answer 2

respiratory tract viruses

Question 3

For protracted cough associated with acute bronchitis what are the treatment options?

Answer 3

short-acting muscarinic antagonist like ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) or SABA like albuterol although Atrovent works better.
or a short course of PO steroids like 40mg daily for 3-5 days

Question 4

CAuses 5% of acute bronchitis

Answer 4

bacterial psthogens
M. pneumoniae
C. pneumoniae
B. pertussis

Question 5

What are the treatment options for acute bacterial bronchitis?

Answer 5

oral macrolide: azithromycin, clarithromycin, or doxycycline

Question 6

Risk factors for TB infection?

Answer 6

HIV, travel to an endemic area, prior hx of +PPD or TB dx, homeless in shelter, or incarcerated.

Question 7

Clinical presentation of TB?

Answer 7

Congested cough
blood tinged sputum
hemoptysis
chest pain
fever
unexplained weight loss
night sweats
fatigue

Question 8

Test for TB

Answer 8

Mantoux skin test
quantiferon TB gold test
acid-fast bacilli smear of sputum
Enzyme linked immunospot for mycobacterial RNA
CT radiograph or CT
HIV testing

Question 9

these symptoms are consistent with what?
Congested cough
blood-tinged sputum
hemoptysis
chest pain
fever
unexplained weight loss
night sweats
fatigue

Answer 9

TB