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Gross Anatomy > Lower Extremity Muscles > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Iliacus

Origin

A

Iliac fossa

Sacrum

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2
Q

Iliacus

Insertion

A

Lesser trochanter/femur

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3
Q

Iliacus

Action

A
  1. Flexion of femur at hip joint
  2. Helps maintain posture
  3. Assist flexion/ vert. Column
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4
Q

Iliacus

Nerve supply

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

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5
Q

Psoas Major

Origin

A

Bodies and transverse processes/ lumbar vertebrae

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6
Q

Psoas Major

Insertion

A

Lesser trochanter/ femur

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7
Q

Psoas Major

Action

A
  1. Flexion of femur and hip joint
  2. Helps maintain posture
  3. Assist flexion/ vert column
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8
Q

Psoas Major

Nerve Supply

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

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9
Q

Psoas Minor

Origin

A

Bodies/ lumbars

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10
Q

Psoas Minor

Insertion

A

Iliopubic eminence/pubis

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11
Q

Psoas Minor

Action

A

Flexion of pelvic bone

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12
Q

Psoas Minor

Nerve Supply

A

L1 (sometimes L2)

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13
Q

Sartorius

Origin

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

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14
Q

Sartorius

Insertion

A

Superior medial shaft/ tibia

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15
Q

Sartorius

Actions

A
  1. Flexion of hip and knee joint
  2. Abducts femur
  3. Medially rotates leg
  4. Laterally rotates femur
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16
Q

Sartorius

Nerve supply

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

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17
Q

Rectus Femoris

Origin

A
  1. Anterior inferior iliac spine

2. Acetabulum/pelvic bone

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18
Q

Rectus Femoris

Insertion

A

Base of patella

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19
Q

Rectus Femoris

Nerve Supply

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

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20
Q

Rectus Femoris

Action

A

Flexion at hip joint

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21
Q

Vastus Lateralis

Origin

A
  1. Greater trochanter/ femur

2. Linea aspera/ femur

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22
Q

Vastus Lateralis

Insetion

A

Base of patella

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23
Q

Vastus Lateralis

Nerve Supply

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

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24
Q

Vastus Medialis

Origin

A
  1. Intertrochanteric line/ femur

2. Linea aspera/ femur

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25
Q

Vastus Medialis

Insetion

A

Base of patella

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26
Q

Vastus Medialis

Nerve Supply

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

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27
Q

Vastus Intermedius

Origin

A

Anterior-lateral aspect/femur

Linea aspera/ femur

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28
Q

Vastus Intermedius

Insertion

A

Base of patella

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29
Q

Vastus Intermedius

Nerve Suppy

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

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30
Q

Actions of Quadriceps

Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius

A
  1. Extend leg at knee joint

2. Tonus of muscles- strengthen knee joint

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31
Q

Articularis Genu

Action

A

Retracts synovial membrane of knee joint to help stabilize the knee

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32
Q

Gracilis

Origin

A
  1. Ramus/ ischium

2. Inferior ramus/ pubis

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33
Q

Gracilis

Insertion

A

Superior medial shaft/ tibia

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34
Q

Gracilis

Action

A
  1. Adduct femur

2. Flexion of leg

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35
Q

Gracilis

Nerve supply

A

Obturator (L2, L3, L4)

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36
Q

Pectineus

Origin

A

Superior ramus (pubis pectin)/ pubis

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37
Q

Pectineus

Insertion

A
  1. Pectineal line/ femur

2. Linea aspera/ femur

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38
Q

Pectineus

Actions

A
  1. Adducts femur

2. Flexion at hip joint

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39
Q

Pectineus

Nerve Supply

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

Obturator (L2, L3, L4)

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40
Q

Adductor Longus

Origin

A

Superior ramus/ pubis

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41
Q

Adductor longus

Insertion

A

Linea aspera/ femur

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42
Q

Adductor Longus

Nerve supply

A

Obturator (L2, L3, L4)

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43
Q

Adductor Longus

Action

A

Adducts femur

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44
Q

Adductor Brevis

Origin

A

Inferior ramus/ pubis

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45
Q

Adductor Brevis

Insertion

A

Pectineal line/ femur

Linea aspera/ femur

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46
Q

Adductor Brevis

Action

A

Adducts femur

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47
Q

Adductor Brevis

Nerve supply

A

Obturator (L2, L3, L4)

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48
Q

Adductor Magnus

Origin

A

Rami/ ischium and pubis

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49
Q

Adductor Magnus

Insertion

A

Linea aspera/ femur

Adductor tubercle/ femur

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50
Q

Adductor Magnus

Actions

A

Adducts femur

Extends femur at hip joint

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51
Q

Adductor Magnus

Nerve supply

A

Obturator (L2, L3, L4)

Sciatic (L4-S3)

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52
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata

Origin

A

Crest of ilium

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53
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata

Insertion

A

Iliotibial tract

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54
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata

Actions

A

Flexes femur
Abducts femur
Medially rotates femur
Helps stabilize knee joint

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55
Q

Gluteus Maximus

Origin

A

Posterior gluteal line/ilium
Sacrum and coccyx
Posterior ligaments of the sacroiliac joint

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56
Q

Gluteus Maximus

Insertion

A

Gluteal tuberosity/ femur

Iliotibial tract

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57
Q

Gluteus Maximus

Action

A

Extends femur
Laterally rotates femur
Helps stabilize pelvic bone
Stabilize knee joint

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58
Q

Gluteus Maximus

Nerve supply

A

Inferior gluteal (L5, S1, S2)

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59
Q

Gluteus Medius

Origin

A

External surface/ ilium

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60
Q

Gluteus medius

Insertion

A

Greater trochanter/ femur

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61
Q

Gluteus Medius

Action

A

Abducts femur
Medially rotates femur
Helps keep pelvic bone steady

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62
Q

Gluteus Medius

Nerve supply

A

Superior gluteal (L4, L5, S1)

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63
Q

Gluteus Minimus

Origin

A

External surface/ ilium

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64
Q

Gluteus Minimus

Insertion

A

Greater trochanter/ femur

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65
Q

Gluteus Minimus

Action

A

Abducts femur
Medially rotates femur
Helps keep pelvic bone steady

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66
Q

Gluteus Minimus

Nerve supply

A

Superior gluteal (L4, L5, S1)

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67
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata

Nerve supply

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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68
Q

Piriformis

Origin

A

Anterior surface/ sacrum

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69
Q

Piriformis

Insertion

A

Greater trochanter/ femur

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70
Q

Piriformis

Action

A

Laterally rotates femur

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71
Q

Piriformis

Nerve supply

A

S1, S2

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72
Q

Superior Gemellus

Origin

A

Spine/ ischium

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73
Q

Superior Gemellus

Insertion

A

Greater trochanter/ femur

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74
Q

Superior Gemellus

Action

A

Laterally rotates femur

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75
Q

Superior gemellus

Nerve supply

A

L4, L5, S1, S2

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76
Q

Obturator Internus

Origin

A

Internal surface/ obturator membrane

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77
Q

Obturator Internus

Insertion

A

Greater trochanter/ femur

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78
Q

Obturator Internus

Action

A

Laterally rotates femur

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79
Q

Obturator Internus

Nerve Supply

A

L4, L5, S1, S2

80
Q

Inferior Gemellus

Origin

A

Ishial tuberosity

81
Q

Inferior Gemellus

Insertion

A

Greater trochanter/ femur

82
Q

Inferior Gemellus

Action

A

Laterally rotates femur

83
Q

Inferior gemellus

Nerve supply

A

L4, L5, S1, S2

84
Q

Obturator Externus

Origin

A

External surface obturator membrane

85
Q

Obturator Externus

Insertion

A

Trochanteric fossa/ femur

86
Q

Obturator Externus

Action

A

Laterally rotates femur

87
Q

Obturator Externus

Nerve supply

A

Obturator nerve

88
Q

Quadratus Femoris

Origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

89
Q

Quadratus Femoris

Insertion

A

Quadrate tubercle/ femur

90
Q

Quadratus Femoris

Action

A

Laterally rotates femur

91
Q

Quadratus Femoris

Nerve supply

A

L4, L5, S1, S2

92
Q

Semitendinosus

Origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

93
Q

Semitendinosus

Insertion

A
  1. Medial condyle/ tibia

2. Proximal post. Shaft/ tibia

94
Q

Semitendinosus

Action

A
  1. Flexion leg at knee
  2. Stabilize hip
  3. Extend femur
  4. Medially rotate leg
95
Q

Semitendinosus

Nerve supply

A

Sciatic nerve

96
Q

Semimembranosus

Origin

A

Ischial tuberosity

97
Q

Semimembranosus

Insertion

A

Medial condyle/ tibia

98
Q

Semimembranosus

Action

A
  1. Flexion leg at knee
  2. Stabilize hip
  3. Extend femur
  4. Medially rotate leg
99
Q

Semimembranosus

Nerve supply

A

Sciatic nerve

100
Q

Biceps Femoris

Origin

A

Long head:ischial tuberosity

Short head: linea aspera

101
Q

Biceps Femoris

Insertion

A
  1. Head/ fibula

2. Lateral condyle/ tibia

102
Q

Biceps Femoris

Action

A

Long Head: flexion leg at knee, stabilize hip, extend femur, laterally rotate leg

Short Head: flexion leg and knee, laterally rotate leg

103
Q

Biceps Femoris

Nerve Supply

A

Sciatic nerve

104
Q

Tibialis Anterior

Origin

A
  1. Shaft/ tibia

2. Interosseous membrane

105
Q

Tibialis Anterior

Insertion

A
  1. First metatarsal

2. Medial cuneiform

106
Q

Tibialis Anterior

Action

A
  1. Inverts and dorsal flexes foot

2. Supports medial longitudinal arch

107
Q

Tibialis Anterior

Nerve supply

A

Deep fibular nerve

108
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Origin

A
  1. Lateral condyle/tibia
  2. Shaft/fibula
  3. Interosseous membrane
109
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Insertion

A

Distal phalanges/ digits 2-5

110
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Action

A
  1. Extends digits 2-5

2. Dorsal flexes foot

111
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Nerve supply

A

Deep fibular nerve

112
Q

Fibularis Tertius

Origin

A

Shaft/ fibula

113
Q

Fibularis Tertius

Insertion

A

Fifth metatarsal

114
Q

Fibularis Tertius

Action

A

Everts and dorsal flexes foot

115
Q

Fibularis Tertius

Nerve supply

A

Deep fibular nerve

116
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Origin

A
  1. Shaft/ fibula

2. Interosseous membrane

117
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Insertion

A

Distal phalanx digit 1

118
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Action

A
  1. Extend digit 1

2. Dorsal flexes foot

119
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Nerve supply

A

Deep fibular nerve

120
Q

Fibularis Longus

Origin

A

Shaft and head/ fibula

121
Q

Fibularis Longus

Insertion

A
  1. First metatarsal

2. Medial cuneiform

122
Q

Fibularis Longus

Action

A
  1. Everts and plantar flexes foot

2. Supports lateral and transverse arches

123
Q

Fibularis Longus

Nerve Supply

A

Superficial fibular nerve

124
Q

Fibularis Brevis

Origin

A

Shaft/fibula

125
Q

Fibularis Brevis

Insertion

A

Fifth metatarsal

126
Q

Fibularis Brevis

Action

A
  1. Everts and plantar flexes foot

2. Supports lateral arch

127
Q

Fibularis Brevis

Nerve supply

A

Superficial fibular nerve

128
Q

Gastrocnemius

Origin

A

Lateral and medial condyles and epicondyle / femur

129
Q

Gastrocnemius

Insertion

A

Tuberosity/ calcaneus

130
Q

Gastrocnemius

Action

A
  1. Plantar flexes foot

2. Flexes leg

131
Q

Gastrocnemius

Nerve supply

A

Tibial nerve

132
Q

Soleus

Origin

A
  1. Soleal line/ tibia

2. Shaft and head/ fibula

133
Q

Soleus

Insertion

A

Tuberosity/ calcaneus

134
Q

Soleus

Action

A

Inverts and plantar flexes foot

Stabilizes ankle

135
Q

Soleus

Nerve supply

A

Tibial nerve

136
Q

Plantaris

Origin

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge/ femur

137
Q

Plantaris

Insertion

A

Tuberosity/ calcaneus

138
Q

Plantaris

Action

A

Plantar flexes foot

139
Q

Plantaris

Nerve supply

A

Tibial nerve

140
Q

Popliteus

Origin

A

Lateral condyle/femur

141
Q

Popliteus

Insertion

A

Posterior proximal shaft/ tibia

142
Q

Popliteus

Action

A
  1. Medially rotates tibia (to unlock knee and allow leg flexion)
  2. Stabilizes knee (prevents hyperextension)
143
Q

Popliteus

Nerve supply

A

Tibial nerve

144
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Origin

A

Shaft/ tibia

145
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Insertion

A

Distal phalanges/ digits 2-5

146
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Action

A
  1. Flexes digits 2-5
  2. Plantar flexes foot
  3. Supports medial and lateral arches
147
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Nerve supply

A

Tibial nerve

148
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Origin

A
  1. Interosseous membrane

2. Shaft/ fibula

149
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Insertion

A

Distal phalanx digit 1

150
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Action

A
  1. Flexes digit 1
  2. Plantar flexes foot
  3. Supports medial arch
151
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Innervation

A

Tibial nerve

152
Q

Tibialis Posterior

Origin

A
  1. Interosseous membrane

2. Shaft/ fibula and tibia

153
Q

Tibialis Posterior

Insertion

A
  1. Navicular
  2. Cuneiform
  3. Cuboid
  4. Metatarsals 2-4
154
Q

Tibialis Posterior

Action

A
  1. Inverts and plantar flexes foot

2. Supports medial arch

155
Q

Tibialis Posterior

Nerve supply

A

Tibial nerve

156
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Origin

157
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Insertion

A

Tendons of extensor digitorum longus of digits 2-4

158
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Action

A

Extends digits 2-4

159
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Nerve supply

A

Deep fibular nerve

160
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Origin

161
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Insertion

A

Proximal phalanx digit 1

162
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Action

A

Extends digit 1

163
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Nerve supply

A

Deep fibular nerve

164
Q

Abductor Digiti Quinti

Origin

165
Q

Abductor Digiti Quinti

Insetion

A

Proximal phalanx digit 5

166
Q

Abductor Digiti Quinti

Action

A
  1. Abducts digit 5

2. Supports lateral arch

167
Q

Abductor Digiti Quinti

Nerve Supply

A

Lateral plantar nerve

168
Q

Abductor Hallucis

Origin

169
Q

Abductor Hallucis

Insertion

A

Proximal phalanx digit 1

170
Q

Abductor Hallucis

Action

A
  1. Abducts digit 1

2. Supports medial arch

171
Q

Abductor Hallucis

Nerve supply

A

Medial plantar nerve

172
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Origin

173
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Insertion

A

Middle phalanges/ digit 2-5

174
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Action

A
  1. Flexes digits 2-5

2. Supports medial and lateral arch

175
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Nerve supply

A

Medial plantar nerve

176
Q

Lumbricals

Origin

A

Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

177
Q

Lumbricals

Insertion

A
  1. Tendons of extensor digitorum longus

2. Proximal phalanx digit 2-5

178
Q

Lumbricals

Action

A
  1. Flexes MP joints of digits 2-5

2. Extends IP joints of digits 2-5

179
Q

Lumbricals

Nerve supply

A

First lumbrical- medial plantar nerve

2-4 lumbrical- lateral plantar nerve

180
Q

Quadratus Plantae

Origin

181
Q

Quadratus Plantae

Insertion

A

Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

182
Q

Quadratus Plantae

Action

A

Assists flexion of digits 2-5

183
Q

Quadratus Plantae

Nerve supply

A

Lateral plantar nerve

184
Q

Adductor Hallucis

Origin

A
  1. Oblique head; metatarsals 2-4 and tendons of fibularis longus
  2. Transverse head; lateral 4 MP joints
185
Q

Adductor Hallucis

Insertion

A

Proximal phalanx digit 1

186
Q

Adductor Hallucis

Action

A
  1. Adducts digit 1
  2. Flexes digit 1
  3. Supports transverse arch
187
Q

Adductor Hallucis

Nerve supply

A

Lateral plantar nerve

188
Q

Flexor Digiti Quinti Brevis

Origin

A
  1. Cuboid
  2. 5th metatarsal
  3. Tendon of fibularis longus
189
Q

Flexor Digiti Quinti Brevis

Insertion

A

Proximal phalanx digit 5

190
Q

Flexor Digiti Quinti Brevis

Action

A

Flexes digit 5

191
Q

Flexor Digiti Quinti Brevis

Nerve supply

A

Lateral plantar nerve

192
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Origin

A
  1. Cuboid

2. Cuneiforms

193
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Insertion

A

Proximal phalanx digit 1

194
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Action

A
  1. Flexes digit 1

2. Supports medial arch

195
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Nerve supply

A

Medial plantar nerve

Gross Anatomy (18 decks)

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