Liver Symposium Flashcards
Which forms of Hepatitis are enteric viruses ?
A & E
Which forms of Hepatitis are Parenteral viruses ?
B,C and D
Which forms of Hepatitis cause self-limiting acute infections ?
A and E
Which forms of Hepatitis cause chronic disease ?
B,C and D
What are the high risk groups fro contraction of Hepatitis A ?
Travellers Patients with chronic liver disease Haemophiliacs Occupational exposure Men who have sex with men
What is the structure of the Hepatitis B virus ?
It is much like an egg with and outer surface antigen and an inner protein core.
What aspect of the hepatitis B sits in the liver and cannot be detected in the blood ?
Hepatitis core antigen (HBcAg)
What aspect of Hepatitis B is detectable in the blood and proves presence of virus ?
Hepatitis surface antigen (HBsAg)
What shows that there is an active replicating hepatitis B virus within the host ?
Hepatitis e antigen (HBeAg)
Which antibody present within the body shows that you are protected against Hepatitis B ?
Anti-HBs
Which antibody present within the body shows that the patient has an acute Hepatitis B infection ?
IgM anti-HBc
Which antibody present within the body shows chronic infection/exposure to Hepatitis B ?
IgG anti HBc
Which antibody present within the body shows an inactive hepatitis B virus within the host ?
Anti-HBe
Does everyone with chronic Hepatitis B develop cirrhosis and ESLD ?
No
What are the 2 treatment options for those with a Hepatitis B viral infection ?
Pegylated interferon
Oral antiviral drugs
What is the presentation of an individual with a Hepatitis C infection ?
Most symptomatic until cirrhotic, many have normal LFT’s
What type of virus is Hepatitis D ?
Small RNA virus
What other virus is Hepatitis D associated with ?
Co-infection or super-infection with HBV
NAFLD encompasses which 3 entities ?
Simple steatosis
Non alcoholic steatohepatitis
Fibrosis and cirrhosis
With what other conditions is NAFLD associated with ?
Diabetes mellitus
Obesity
Hypertriglyceridemia
Hypertension
What investigations should be carried out in order to diagnose NAFLD ?
Enhanced liver fibrosis panel (ELF)
Fibroscan
Biopsy
MR Spectroscopy: Actually quantify fat
What is the recommended treatment for NAFLD ?
Weight loss Diet change Exercise Insulin sensitizers Vit E
Name 3 common autoimmune liver diseases
Autoimmune hepatitis
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)
What is found to be elevated in individuals with autoimmune hepatitis ?
IgG
What are the 3 types of antibodies found in autoimmune hepatitis ?
Type 1: ANA, SMA
Type 2: LKM1
Type 3: SLA
What kind of drugs does autoimmine hepatitis respond to well ?
Steroids
What is found to be elevated in individuals with Primary biliary cholangitis?
IgM
What part of the biliary system is often involved in Primary biliary cholangitis ?
Intrahepatic bile duct
What are the 2 most common symptoms in Primary biliary cholangitis ?
Pruritis and Fatigue
What parts of the biliary system are often involved in Primary sclerosing cholangitis ?
Intra and extrahepatic bile ducts involved
What happens to the biliary system with Primary sclerosing cholangitis ?
Stricturing disease
What is the test of choice to diagnose Primary sclerosing cholangitis ?
MRCP
What are 2 main symptoms of Primary sclerosing cholangitis ?
Recurrent cholecystitis and jaundice
Treatment options for Primary sclerosing cholangitis ?
Liver Tx and stenting
