Gastric secretion

Question 1

Name the 3 important call within the wall of the stomach ad their function ?

Answer 1

Mucous neck cell: Secrete mucous
Cheif cells: Store and secrete pepsinogen
Parietal cells Secrete HCl and intrinsic factor

Question 2

Which hormone that acts on the stomach is inhibitory ?

Answer 2

Prostaglandins

Question 3

Secretions are controlled within the stomach via which three mechanisms ?

Answer 3

Neurocrine
Endocrine
Paracrine

Question 4

Describe the cephalic phase of gastric secretions

Answer 4

When the parietal cells create more HCl in response to the sight/smell of food.
This can be neurocrine (Vagal)
Endocrine (Gastrin secreted by G cells)
Paracrine: The increase in gastrin causes ECL cells to release histaine which increases activity in parietal cells

Question 5

Describe the gastric phase of gastric secretions

Answer 5

Activated when the stomach wall is distended (vagal)
The presence of peptides in the lumen (G cells release Gastrin (Endocrine))
The increase of gastrin causes ECL cells to release Histamine which acts on parietal cells

Question 6

How do you inhibit the amount of HCl secreted by the parietal cells ?

Answer 6

Cephalic phase Reduced vagal activity
Gastric phase: A decrease in pH decreases the amount of gastrin.
Intestinal phase: Acid/fat in the duodenum

Question 7

What are Enterogastrones and where are they found ?

Answer 7

Hormones that control gastric secretions and are released by the gland cells within the duodenal mucosa

Question 8

What are the 2 main strategies implemented by the body to preserve the duodenum ?

Answer 8

Inhibit gastric secretion

Reduce gastric emptying

Question 9

What is the inactive precursor or pepsinogen ?

Answer 9

Zymogen

Question 10

What is the role of gastric mucous ?

Answer 10

Cytoprotective role; its neutral pH protects the mucosal surface against erosion and mechanical injury.