Large Intestine Structure and Function

Question 1

What are the four parts of the colon ?

Answer 1

Ascending
Transverse
Descending
Sigmoid

Question 2

What is different about the muscular layer in the colon ?

Answer 2

The circular layer of muscle is complete however the longitudinal muscle is not complete

Question 3

What runs along the length of the colon and what does this create ?

Answer 3

Teniae Coli causes the haustra

Question 4

What assists in lubricating faeces ?

Answer 4

The goblet cells within the crypts

Question 5

What are the internal and external anal sphincters made of ?

Answer 5

Internal: Smooth muscle
External: Skeletal muscle

Question 6

The defecation reflex is under what kind of control ?

Answer 6

Parasympathetic via splanchnic nerves

Question 7

Define diarrhoea

Answer 7

Too frequent passage of faeces which are too liquid

Question 8

What do enterotoxin bacteria do ? and give one example

Answer 8

Produce toxins that will increase secretions within the gut specifically intestinal chloride secretion from the crypt cells.
Vibrio cholerae or Escherichia Coli