Gastric Motility and Pancreatic Function Flashcards
How is a peristaltic rhythm generated along pacemaker cells within the longitudinal muscle layer ?
Conducted through gap junctions along the longitudinal muscle layer
What determines the strength of muscle contractions i the small intestine ?
The number of action potentials
What are the submucosal glands found within the duodenum ? and what do they secrete ?
Brunner’s Gland Duct Cells secrete Bicarbonate
Which hormone is essential for maintaining the duodenal environment ?
Secretin
Where is the endocrine portion of the pancreas found and what is excreted ?
In the tail of the pancreas
Insulin, glucagon and somatostatin
What does the exocrine portion of the pancreas consist of ?
Acinar cells within the lobules of the pancreas.
How are the lobules within the pancreas connected to the pancreatic duct ?
via interlobular ducts
The interlobular ducts secrete what ?
Bicarbonate
What is the digestive aspect to the acinar cells within the pancreas ?
Digestive enzymes are stored in an inactive form within the pancreas (zymogen granules)
What are zymogens and what do they do ?
Inactive form of trypsinogen and they are inactive digestive enzymes which in their inactive form prevent the auto-digestion of the pancreas.
What converts zymogen granules from its inactive form to its active form and what is its active form ?
Trypsin
Trypsinogen
How is Trypsinogen converted to trypsin ?
By enterokinase found bound to the brush border of the duodenum
What do proteases do ?
Cleave peptide bonds
What do nucleases do ?
Hydrolyse DNA/RNA
What do elastases do ?
Collagen digestion
