Liver Function Test Flashcards
test for bile pigments
van den bergh
gives the brown color of feces
stercobilin
a lack of positive color change in bilirubin strip test with nonpigmented, clay-colored or pale feces indicates
bile duct obstruction
Diluted (1:64) urine samples from nonherbivores may yield
reddish-brown color changes which is positive for
hemolytic jaundice and hepatocellular necrosis
Clearance of Foreign Dyes
- Sulfobromophthalein (BSP)
- Indocyanine Green
the most accurate method for
determining relative values
for plasma proteins
electrophoresis
determination of plasma protein concentration which utilizes an alkaline
copper sulfate reagent
biuret method
carrier of copper
alpha globulin
alpha globulin include a glycoprotein termed as
ceruloplasmin
included in alpha globulin which binds hemoglobin
haptoglobin
the transport of iron
beta globulin
iron transfer is function of?
transferrin or siderophilin
beta globulin is associated with?
hyperlipemia
most common cause of serum Igs deficiency in neonate is due to?
inability to suck colostrum
plasma protein associated with antibodies and elevation occurs in infectious disease
gamma globulin
a globulin functional in blood clotting
fibrinogen
reacting substance of urobilinogen
Erlich’s reagent
Most common method for determination of urinary
urobilinogen in 24-hour samples
Watson’s quantitative
method
bilirubin only detected in urine
conjugated
BC is not normally found in urine of?
cat, pig, sheep, horses
their urine may contain small amount of BC
dogs and cats
easiest screening examination for BC
foam test (vigorously shaking a bottle containing freshly voided urine)
color of foam of a urine containing bilirubin
yellowish green or brown
foam test is a rapid and sensitive test uses what stable compound
diazonium
Fecal bile pigments occur in?
- diarrhea
- suppression of bacterial action
- newborn receiving milk
important in digestion of dietary fats in the
small intestines
serum bile acids
increase in blood ammonia may be an indication of
impending hepatic coma
Carbohydrate Metabolism Test
- Tests are primarily for research
- Galactose Tolerance Test
of value in detecting liver diseases in dog, cat and primates
alanine amino transferase
not an organ specific test; utilized to detect damage in wide variety of tissues
aspartate amino transferase
ALT in dogs and cats is specific for
liver disease
serum half-life of ALT
2-5 hours
associated with cell necrosis in many tissues
AST
enzyme test of value in detecting liver (hepatic) necrosis
serum arginase
Lactic Dehydrogenase Test
released following damage to the liver, lung, muscles, kidney, heart and lymphoreticular tissues
enzyme is liver specific and increases are reported in cattle, swine and horses
Ornithine Carbamyl Transferase (OCT)
enzymes that hydrolyze phosphoric esters
Alkaline Phosphatase (AP)
enzyme found in the cytosol associated with cell membrane, particularly those near the bile
canaliculi
gamma glutamyl transferase
aminotransferase levels ≤ 300 IU/ml
alcoholic hepatits, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic viral hepatitis B & C
Patients with aminotransferase level between 500 IU/ml and 5000 IU/ml
acute viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, drug reaction
high levels of aminotransferase
acetaminophen related liver failure, ischemia, herpes simplex hepatits
AST to ALT ratio greater than 2.o suggests?
alcoholic liver disease
a mitochondrial toxin
alcohol
