Adrenal and Pituitary Function Test

Question 1

Cortisol level of horses during midnight

Answer 1

3.0 μg/dL

Question 2

Cortisol level of horses during 8 AM to 4 PM

Answer 2

4.5-5 μg/dL

Question 3

How many percent of dog’s cortisol is bound to transcortin?

Answer 3

40%

Question 4

How many percent of dog’s cortisol is bound to albumin?

Answer 4

50%

Question 5

Half-life of cortisol in dogs?

Answer 5

1.5 hours

Question 6

Cortisol is removed in the plasma by which tissues?

Answer 6

Hepatocytes, minimally by kidney

Question 7

It is a rare case of hypocortisolemia without concurrent hypoaldosteronemia, hyponatremia or hyperkalemia reported

Answer 7

atypical primary hypoadrenocorticism or selective cortisol deficiency

Question 8

An antifungal treatment which inhibits steroid synthesis in dogs and cats leading to hypocortisolemia

Answer 8

ketoconazole (and also trilostane)

Question 9

Identify the chemistry profile of a dog with hypocortisolemia

Answer 9

hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia, hypoglycemia, azotemia

Question 10

Dogs with hypocortisolemia may be supported by another laboratory findings from urinalysis

Answer 10

low specific urine gravity with azotemia

Question 11

ACTH concentration is expected to have increase value in these conditions

Answer 11

a. PDH
b. Primary hypoadrenocorticism
c. Ectopic production of ACTH
d. After stressful stimuli

Question 12

Increase or Decrease. Dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism after injection of CRH.

Answer 12

INCREASE

Question 13

ACTH concentration is expected to have decrease value in these conditions

Answer 13

a. FAN
b. Secondary hypoadrenocorticism
c. After dexamethasone injection
d. Therapeutic treatment with glucocorticoid steroids

Question 14

INCREASE or DECREASE. Cortisol level in dogs with secondary hypoadrenocorticism after injection of CRH.

Answer 14

Decrease

Question 15

In which months are Plasma ACTH concentration greater in horses and ponies?

Answer 15

September

Question 16

True or false: Clinical use of ACTH is hampered by instability of ACTH and expensive dry-ice shipments.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

A screening test for PDH and FAN

Answer 17

LDDST

Question 18

A stimulation suppression test highly sensitive to FAN

Answer 18

LDDST

Question 19

A test that may differentiate PDH from FAN after hyperadrenocorticism is diagnosed

Answer 19

HDDST

Question 20

Increase or suppress. LDDST in hyperadrenocorticism caused by PDH or ectopic production of ACTH.

Answer 20

May or may not suppress ACTH therefore may or may not reduced cortisol level

Question 21

Increase or Decrease. LDDST in hyperadrenocorticism caused by FAN.

Answer 21

Not expected to decrease cortisol.

Question 22

Increase or suppress. HDDST in animals with hyperadrenocorticism caused by PDH.

Answer 22

Suppress ACTH therefore DECREASE cortisol secretion.

Question 23

Increase or decrease. HDDST in animals with hyperadrenocorticism caused by FAN.

Answer 23

Not expected to decrease.

Question 24

Increase or decrease. HDDST in dogs with nonadrenal illness.

Answer 24

Cortisol expected to decrease

Question 25

True or False. Cats may escape the suppressive effects of dexamethasone faster than dogs

Answer 25

true.

Question 26

Increase or Decrease. Hyperadrenocorticism cause by PPID after dexamethasone administration.

Answer 26

not decreased

Question 27

In horses with PPID, maximal suppression of postdexamethasone was seen after how many hours of administration?

Answer 27

8-12 hours

Question 28

ACTH gel stimulation test is not recommended as a diagnostic test for these species

Answer 28

equine PDH

Question 29

Some dogs with non adrenal disorders have high aldosterone and this high concentration are probably related or due to?

Answer 29

Hypovolemia or decreased effective blood volume

Question 30

Aldosterone concentrations in dogs with PDH have lower concentration. Explain the cause.

Answer 30

Because of under chronic ACTH stimulation, some of the aldosterone secreting cells converted into cortisol secreting cells.

Question 31

Increase or decrease. Aldosterone concentration in dogs with FAN.

Answer 31

Increase.

Question 32

Increase or decrease. Blood eosinophil in healthy dogs with elevated blood cortisol during thorn test.

Answer 32

Decrease

Question 33

Increase or decrease. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in healthy dogs if blood cortisol increases during modified thorn test.

Answer 33

Increase

Question 34

Failure to see a decrease in eosinophil and failure to see an increased neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio after administration of ACTH suggest the presence of which condition?

Answer 34

Hypoplastic or atrophied adrenal glands

Question 35

Increase or decrease. Progesterone concentration in dogs and cats with FAN.

Answer 35

Increase

Question 36

can be used to monitor destruction of adrenocortical tissue

Answer 36

ACTH stimulation test

Question 37

can be used to monitor the effectiveness of trilostane treatment of PDH

Answer 37

ACTH stimulation test