Liver Dr Okanlawon Flashcards
Liver is The ——- gland in the body.
Weighs approximately ———. (—-% of adult body weight).
Lies mainly in the regions:
Protected by the —— and ——, lies deep to ribs — to — on the right side and crosses the midline toward the
——-.
Moves with the diaphragm and is located more inferiorly in ——- posture because of ———.
The largest gland in the body.
Weighs approximately 1500 g. (2.5% of adult body weight).
Lies mainly in:
Right hypochondrium,
Epigastrium and
Left hypochondrium.
Protected by the thoracic cage and diaphragm, lies deep to ribs 7-11 on the right side and crosses the midline toward the
left nipple.
Moves with the diaphragm and is located more inferiorly in erect posture because of gravity.
Relations of the liver
Anterior:
Posterior:
Anterior
Diaphragm,
Right and left costal margins, Right and left pleura,
Right and left lungs, Xiphoid process, Anterior abdominalwall.
Posterior:
Diaphragm,
Right kidney,
Right suprarenal land,
Right colic (hepatic ) flexure, Duodenum,
Gallbladder, Inferior vena cava, Esophagus and
.Fundus of the stomach.
The liver is completely surrounded by a
————.
• It is (partially/completely?)covered by peritoneum.
The liver is completely surrounded by a
fibrous capsule.
• It is partially covered by peritoneum.
The ———— is an area
lying on the diaphragmatic surface
(on posterior surface of —- lobe) Where there is no peritoneum between the liver and the
diaphragm.
Boundaries of Bare area:
• Anterior: —-
• Posterior: —-/
> Right: ———-.
Left:.
Other bare areas of theliver include:
The bare area oft h eliver is an area
lying on the diaphragmatic surface
(on posterior surface of right lobe) Where there is no peritoneum between the liver and the
diaphragm.
Boundaries of Bare area:
• Anterior: Superior layer of coronary ligament.
• Posterior: Inferior layer of coronary ligament.
> Right: Right triangular ligaments. ~ Left: Groove for inferior vena cava.
Other bare areas of theliver include:
1. Porta hepatis,
2. Gall bladder fossa.&
3.
Grooves for IVC.
• The liver has two surfaces:
• A —— surface which is (convex/concave?)
• A—— surface which is (concave/convex?).
• The liver has two surfaces: • A convex diaphragmatic
surface, (superior, anterior and right lateral surface).
• A relatively flat or even concave visceral surface. (posteroinferior).
Diaphragmatic surface
The convex ——, —— and right —— surface is smooth and molded to the undersurface of the domes of
the diaphragm.
• The diaphragm separates the liver from ——, ——-, ——-, and ——-.
• It is covered with visceral
peritoneum, except posteriorly in the ——, where it lies in direct contact with the diaphragm.
•
The convex upper, anterior and right lateral surface is smooth and molded to the undersurface of the domes of
the diaphragm.
• The diaphragm separates the liver from pleurae, base of both lungs, pericardium, and heart.
• It is covered with visceral
peritoneum, except posteriorly in the bare area of the liver, where it lies in direct contact with the diaphragm.
The visceral or the posteroinferior
surface, is related to the ——.
• It is covered with
peritoneum, except 3 areas:——
• It bears multiple
fissures and impressions due to contact with other organs.
The visceral or the
posteroinferior
surface, is related to the abdominal
viscera.
• It is covered with
peritoneum, except 3 areas:
• Gallbladder fossa, • Porta hepatis.
• I.V.C groove.
• It bears multiple
fissures and impressions due to contact with other organs.
Fissures
Two sagittally orientedfissures, linked centrally by ——-, form the letter —- on the visceral surface.
The left fissure is the continuous groove formed:
• Anteriorly by the fissure for the ——
• Posteriorly by the fissure for the ——.
The rightfissure is the continuous groove formed:
Anteriorly by ——.
Posteriorly by the——-
Two sagittally orientedfissures, linked centrally by transverse porta hepatis, form the letter H on the visceral surface.
The left fissure is the continuous groove formed:
• Anteriorly by the fissure for the round ligament,
(teres).
• Posteriorly by the fissure for the ligamentum venosum.
The rightfissure is the continuous groove formed:
Fissures
• •
Anteriorly by gallbladder fossa.
Posteriorly by the groove for the inferior vena cava.
Relations of Visceral Surface of het Liver
Stomach
Oesophagus
Right kidney
Right Suprarenal gland
Lesser omentum
Gallbladder
Right colic flexure
Ports hepatis is also called
Hilum of the liver
Porta hepatis is a transverse fissure on the visceral surface which lies between —— and —— lobes.
• Its margins is attached to the upper partof ——-
Atransverse fissure on the visceral surface which lies between caudate and quadrate lobes.
• Its margins is attached to the upper partof lesser omentum
Structures passing through the portahepatisinclude:
.
.
Structures passing through the portahepatisinclude:
Right and left hepatic ducts.
Right and left branches of the hepatic artery.
Right and left branches of the portal vein.
• Sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers.
• A few hepatic lymph nodes lie here; they drain the liver and gallbladder a n dsend their efferent vessels to the celiac lymph nodes.
• NB. The 2 hepatic veins open in the posterior surface on the groove for IVC.
. The 2 hepatic veins open in the —— surface on the groove for IVC.
Posterior
Ligaments of the Liver
Falciform ligament
It is a two-layered fold of the peritoneum, connects the liver to the —— ; ——&——.
Its sickle-shaped free margin contains the ————of liver.It is obliterated ——, whichcarried oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.
Ligamentum venosum
It is the fibrous remnant of fetal ——, which shunted blood from the ——to the —— inintrauterine fetal life.
Ligaments of the Liver
•
• •
Falciform ligament
It is a two-layered fold of the peritoneum, connects the liver to thediaphragm; anterior abdominal wall &umbilicus.
Its sickle-shaped free margin containst h eligamentumteres (round Ligament) of liver.
It is obliterated umbilical vein, whichcarried oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.
Ligamentum venosum
It is the fibrous remnant of fetal ductus venous, which shunted blood from the umbilical vein to the IVC inintrauterine fetal life.
Lobes of the liver
The liver is divided into a large —— lobe and a small ——- lobe by the attachment of the —— ligament.
The right lobe is further divided into a quadrate lobe and a caudate lobe by:——
The caudate lobe is connected to the right lobe by the ———.
Falciform ligament
•
The quadrate and caudate lobes are a functional part of the —- lobe of the liver. (Because of its supplying with——-.).
The liver is divided into a large right lobe and a small left lobe by the attachment of the falciform ligament.
The right lobe is further divided into a quadrate lobe and a caudate lobe b y:
• Gallbladder,
• Fissure for the ligamentum teres,
• Groove for inferior vena cava, •Fissure for ligamentum venosum.
•
The caudate lobe is connected to the right lobe by the caudate process.
Falciform ligament
•
The quadrate and caudate lobes are a functional part of the left lobe of the liver. (becoafuitse supplying withleft branches of C.H. DuctP;ortalv.& HepaticAr.).
