Histology Of Stomach

Question 1

􏰀GI tract wall has 4 layers:

Answer 1

Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa or adventitia

Question 2

Epithelium of the stomach : — epithelium
(—- cells- secrete mucous);
–Muscularis externa has an additional —- layer of muscle (allows another dimension of contraction).

Answer 2

Epithelium: Simple columnar epithelium
(goblet cells-mucous);
–Muscularis externa has an additional oblique layer of muscle (allows another dimension of contraction).

Question 3

Mucosa
• —-, —- surface, —-
• ——- to —— in colour( in pyloric part)
• In contracted state mucosa is folded to form —-.
• rugae are Longitudinal & more marked towards ——- & —— curvature
• Actually rugae are large folds in ——- connective tissue
• Obliterated when stomach is ——/

Answer 3

Mucosa
• Thick, smooth surface, velvety
• Reddish brown to pink in colour

• In contracted state mucosa is folded to form RUGAE.
• They are Longitudinal & more marked towards pyloric & greater curvature
• Actually they are large folds in sub mucosal connective tissue
• Obliterated when stomach is distended

Question 4

Mucosa has how many layers and list them

Answer 4

3 layers
Epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosa

Question 5

Epithelium
Appears as ——due to small ——- (called—-). Base of gastric pits (foveola) receives gastric glands which
extend deep into ——-
• Epithelium is ——— mucous cells

Answer 5

Epithelium
Appears as honey combed due to small gastric pits (foveola). Base of gastric pits (foveola) receives gastric glands which
extend deep into lamina propria
• Epithelium simple columnar mucous cells

Question 6

List the gastric glands found in the gastric pits

Answer 6

Cardiac
Principal
Pyloric

Question 7

State where the 3 gastric glands are located

Answer 7

Principal : body and fundus
Cardiac: near the cardia
Pyloric: numerous mucous and enteroendocrine cells predominate

Question 8

Principal gastric gland is made up of how many cells and list them

Answer 8

Chief
Parietal
Stem
Mucous
Entero endocrine

Question 9

What cells predominate in the cardiac glands

Answer 9

Mucous secreting cells

Question 10

What cells predominate in the cardiac glands

Answer 10

Mucous secreting cells

Question 11

What cells predominate the pyloric glands

Answer 11

Numerous Mucous and entero endocrine cells

Question 12

• Gastric glands secrete gastric juices
– Mucous neck cells: in the —— portion
– Parietal cells: found — portion secrete — & ——for vitamin B— absorption

Answer 12

• Gastric glands secrete gastric juices
– Mucous neck cells: in the duct portion
– Parietal cells: mid portion secrete HCl & intrinsic factor for B12 absorption

Question 13

CHIEF CELLS: found at the —- of gland; secretes —— a precursor molecule to —- (an enzyme that digests protein e that digests protein

Answer 13

CHIEF CELLS: base of gland; secretes pepsinogen a precursor molecule to pepsin (an enzyme that digests protein e that digests protein

Question 14

Enteroendocrine cells: secrete multiple hormonal products:
􏰀 ——, —-, —-, —-, ——, & ——, which influence several digestive system organs

Answer 14

Enteroendocrine cells: secrete multiple hormonal products:
􏰀 Gastrin, histamine, endorphins, serotonin, cholecystokinin, & somatostatin, which influence several digestive system organs

Question 15

• MUCOSAL BARRIER: protects the stomach from its own secretions
– Viscous mucous overlies a thick coating of —-rich mucous
– Tight junctions between epithelial cells are impermeable to —-
– Epithelium is replaced every—to—days

Answer 15

• MUCOSAL BARRIER: protects the stomach from its own secretions
– Viscous mucous overlies a thick coating of HCO - rich
mucous
– Tight junctions between epithelial cells are impermeable to HCl
– Epithelium is replaced every 3-6 days

Question 16

Lamina Propria
Found in b/w the —-
▪ Contain gastric follicles which are aggregations of ——-
▪ A ————- plexus is also present

Answer 16

Lamina Propria
Found in b/w the glands
▪ Contain gastric follicles which are aggregations of lymphoid tissue
▪ A periglandular vascular plexus is also present

Question 17

􏰀Muscularis mucosa
•Inner —-
•Outer —-
•Ext —- in some places

Answer 17

􏰀Muscularis mucosa •Inner circular
•Outer longitudinal
•Ext circular in some places

Question 18

Sub mucosa
•contain —- type of connective tissue
•Collagen, elastin, —— plexus of stomach is present

Answer 18

Sub mucosa
•Loose connective tissue
•Collagen, elastin, sub mucosal plexus of stomach

Question 19

Muscularis externa From within outwards layers are

Answer 19

Oblique
Circular
Longitudinal

Question 20

􏰀 Oblique fibres
• Limited to ——
• Most developed near the ——
􏰀 Circular fibres
• Form a —— layer external to oblique fibres
• At the pylorus forms ———

Answer 20

􏰀 Oblique fibres
• Limited to gastric body
• Most developed near the cardiac orifice
􏰀 Circular fibres
• Form a uniform layer
external to oblique fibres
• At the pylorus forms annular pyloric sphincter

Question 21

Longitudinal fibres
• Arranged in 2 groups
• 1st set radiates from ———, best developed along the
curvatures
• 2nd set commence in the —-, passes to —-, some fibres pass to ——, deeper fibres interlace with ——-
􏰀 Muscle action upper region of stomach forms an area of ——-, lower region has a pump like action, ——- & delivering the contents to duodenum

Answer 21

Longitudinal fibres
• Arranged in 2 groups
• 1st set radiates from cardiac orifice, best developed along the
curvatures
• 2nd set commence in the body, passes to right, some fibres pass to duodenum, deeper fibres interlace with pyloric sphincter
􏰀 Muscle action upper region of stomach forms an area of storage, lower region has a pump like action mixing & delivering the contents to duodenum